b4GALNT2 ELISA kit
- Known as:
- b4GALNT2 Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test reagent
- Catalog number:
- DL-b4GALNT2-Hu
- Product Quantity:
- 96T
- Category:
- Elisa Kits
- Supplier:
- WDSTD
- Gene target:
- b4GALNT2 ELISA kit
Related genes to: b4GALNT2 ELISA kit
- Gene:
- B4GALNT2 NIH gene
- Name:
- beta-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase 2
- Previous symbol:
- GALGT2
- Synonyms:
- Sda, Cad
- Chromosome:
- 17q21.32
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 2004-02-20
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-10-05
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- Organ transplantation is the preferred treatment for end-stage organ failure, but the severe shortage of donors severely restricts its clinical application. Xenotransplantation, especially using pigs as donors, is considered an ideal source of alternative donors due to the high similarity between their organ structures and those of humans. However, significant differences in immune recognition and coagulation regulation between species can easily induce a series of rejection reactions, including hyperacute rejection, acute humoral rejection, T-cell-mediated rejection, and chronic vascular complications. It also carries risks such as physiological metabolic incompatibility and potential viral transmission. In recent years, with the development of tools such as CRISPR/Cas, precise multi-gene editing technology has become possible, enabling the simultaneous knockout of multiple xenoantigen genes (such as GGTA1, CMAH, and B4GALNT2) and the introduction of human genes regulating complement, coagulation, and immune responses (such as hCD55, hTBM (THBD), and hCD47), significantly improving the immune tolerance and physiological compatibility of donor organs. This article systematically reviews the immune and coagulation barriers in xenotransplantation, focusing on precise multi-gene editing strategies for pigs used in xenotransplantation. It highlights editing pathways such as tandem knock-in at the same site, simultaneous multi-site editing, stepwise modular editing, and homology-directed repair (HDR) enrichment. Combined with representative organ-specific examples (heart, kidney, liver, and lung), including key non-human primate studies and early human exploratory cases where available, it explores the application prospects of these strategies in creating safe clinical-grade donor pigs and promoting the clinical translation of xenotransplantation. - Source: PubMed
Li QianqianCao JingchaoDeng ShoulongYu Kun - In pig-to-nonhuman primate islet transplantation, reliable, sensitive biomarkers are needed to detect graft damage at an early stage before irreversible islet loss occurs. In our study, we investigated donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) as an early, noninvasive biomarker of graft injury by analyzing its correlation with porcine C-peptide levels, complement activation markers, and donor-specific antibodies (DSAs). - Source: PubMed
Yan Ji-JingKim Jong-MinCho Sang-IkKim HyoriKwak KyungminKim HyunilOh Eun-JeeYang JaeseokPark Chung-GyuJeong Jong CheolKim Beom Seok - Pig xenografts offer a solution to human organ shortage; however, immune rejection is a major barrier. Immunomodulatory genes such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO1) and CD47 are key. Precise promoter control and strategic genomic integration for reliable expression and xenoantigen disruption are critical. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a promoter-pairing strategy for HO1 and CD47 in genetically modified pigs to achieve context-appropriate expression and enhance xenograft success. - Source: PubMed
Lee HaesunKim Sang EunLee Won KilOh MiaeLee SeunghoonNo Jin-GuPark Mi-RyungKim SeokhoDo Min HwaOh Keon Bong - The B4GALNT2 gene has become an important target for xenotransplantation because its inactivation reduces the antigenicity of porcine tissues. The growing use of organ-source pig models has led to an increased demand for the rapid creation of these animals. However, the physiological role of this gene in pigs remains poorly understood. In 2015, after generating pigs lacking B4GALNT2 expression, researchers observed a third allele for this gene. Subsequently, another gene, described as B4GALNT2-like, was found in the porcine genome. We have collected data over four years since the production of our first line of xenotransplantation pigs lacking B4GALNT2 and B4GALNT2-like expression. In this study, we were able to show that pig cells expressing B4GALNT2-like also reacted to Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) lectin, which recognizes GalNAc epitopes. Additionally, we demonstrated that B4GALNT2/B4GALNT2-like knockout embryos were able to be carried to term in females with the same genotype. We hypothesized that the presence of both genes in the porcine genome might have occurred due to duplication, inversion, and reinsertion of part of the Phospho1-B4GALNT2 segment. Finally, the pig B4GALNT2-like gene showed greater similarity to the human, bovine, and murine B4GALNT2 genes than the original pig B4GALNT2. These data clarify the importance of targeting both B4GALNT2 and B4GALNT2-like for xenotransplantation studies and have improved our knowledge about their genomic structure and role in pig reproduction. - Source: PubMed
G Lucas CarolineWhitworth Kristin MSamuel Melissa MRedel Bethany KPrather Randall SWells Kevin D - Genetically engineered pigs are invaluable biomedical models for xenotransplantation and the study of human diseases. Although electroporation (EP) and lipofection are individually effective for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) ribonucleoprotein (RNP) delivery, their combined application in porcine embryos has not been systematically evaluated. This study aimed to determine whether packaging Cas9-guided RNA complexes in cationic lipids enhances EP-mediated gene editing efficiency without compromising embryonic development. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/12/10
Lin QingyiOtoi TakeshigeWidodo Oky SetyoTharasanit TheerawatChatdarong KaywaleeNamula ZhaoHirata MakiNakai AyaNakayama YuichiroNagahara MegumiTanihara Fuminori