Mouse c-fos ELISA Kit
- Known as:
- Mouse c-fos Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test Kit
- Catalog number:
- 201-02-0187
- Product Quantity:
- 96T
- Category:
- Elisa Kits
- Supplier:
- Sunred
- Gene target:
- Mouse c-fos ELISA Kit
Related products to: Mouse c-fos ELISA Kit
Related articles to: Mouse c-fos ELISA Kit
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the brain is synthesized by preproglucagon neurons and released through axonal projections to extensive regions such as the arcuate nucleus, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), rostral ventrolateral medulla, and dorsomedial medulla. It is involved in functional activities including substance metabolism, neuroendocrine regulation, and autonomic nerve control. The GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is highly expressed in the PVN and plays an important role in stress responses and cardiovascular activities. However, the mechanism by which GLP-1 influences the activity of magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) in the hypothalamic PVN remains unclear. In this study, we used whole-cell patch-clamp recording in acute hypothalamic slices, biotin staining, double immunofluorescence staining, and neuropharmacology methods to investigate the regulatory mechanism of GLP-1 on the activity of the hypothalamic PVN MNCs in rats. Under current-clamp conditions, perfusion with GLP-1 (100 nmol/L) resulted in a significant decrease in the spontaneous firing frequency of PVN MNCs accompanied with a membrane potential hyperpolarization. Blocking ionotropic glutamate receptors and GABA receptors either alone or simultaneously did not affect the inhibitory effect of GLP-1 on the firing frequency of PVN MNCs. GLP-1 had no significant impact on the half-width, rise constant, or decay constant of action potentials, but it significantly increased the after-hyperpolarization (AHP) and inwardly rectifying potassium currents of PVN MNCs. The results of double immunofluorescence showed that GLP-1 significantly reduced the expression of c-fos in arginine vasopressin (AVP)-ergic neurons. These results indicate that GLP-1 activates postsynaptic inwardly rectifying potassium channels, reduces the excitability of PVN MNCs, and decreases their firing frequency and c-fos expression. These findings suggest that GLP-1 reduces the secretion and release of AVP by inhibiting the functional activity of PVN MNCs in rats. - Source: PubMed
Jin XinChen LiChu Chun-PingLi Yu-ZiRen PengQiu De-Lai - Urinary tract infections (UTIs), predominantly caused by , constitute a major global health issue due to the escalating antimicrobial resistance. This study was designed to assess the in vitro susceptibility of fosfomycin among clinical uropathogenic (UPEC) isolates and to detect plasmid-mediated and genes in those exhibiting fosfomycin resistance. A total of 158 non-duplicated UPEC strains were collected from urine samples of patients with UTIs. Antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates was evaluated. Phenotypic detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemase producers in UPEC was assessed. Identification of plasmid mediated and genes in those exhibiting fosfomycin resistance was carried out by PCR. A total of 72% of the isolates demonstrated multidrug resistance (MDR). Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) isolates represented 15%, while PDR isolates were rare (0.6%, 1/158). ESBLs were detected in 40% of the isolates, and 31% exhibited carbapenemase production. Fosfomycin resistance was detected in 9.5% of UPEC isolates, with the gene identified in 33% of these resistant strains, whereas gene was not identified in any isolate. Fosfomycin demonstrated considerable in vitro activity against carbapenemase-producing, ESBL-producing, and MDR isolates with susceptibility rates of 78%, 84%, and 97%, respectively. Fosfomycin resistance among UPEC isolates is emerging but still at a relatively low level of resistance. Continuous surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship are essential to preserve fosfomycin efficacy. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/06/08
Hegazy Eman EMohamed Esraa AMarey Shaimaa S EAbdelrahman AyaFemy AyshaAtef EsraaHammad Asmaa KOraiby Amira EElgohary Ahmed MostafaElsefy Ahmed MetaweeBoshnak AhmedEmara Manar M - Plant-based symbiotic systems are often limited by poor storage stability and inconsistent biofunctional performance. This study evaluated the stability and functionality of a fermented blend based on sacha inchi () oil press cake (SIC) and yacon () flour (YF) as sources of protein and fructooligosaccharides (FOS), respectively, using two processing strategies: fermentation with (T1) and combined enzymatic hydrolysis with Alcalase and fermentation with (T2). Both treatments maintained viable cell counts (VCC) above probiotic thresholds (>10 CFU mL) during 28 days of storage at 4 °C, confirming their suitability as probiotic carriers. Notably, T2 significantly enhanced metabolic activity, as evidenced by higher organic acid production and increased soluble protein content due to Alcalase-mediated hydrolysis, which promoted the generation of bioactive peptides associated with improved antioxidant and antihypertensive activities. Biofunctional properties, including total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity (AC), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, remained stable throughout storage, while FOS degradation was minimal, confirming preservation of prebiotic functionality. LC-MS/MS Q-TOF analysis revealed a complex phenolic profile that was differentially modulated by lactic acid fermentation, with (T2) promoting extensive phenolic biotransformation and increased metabolite diversity, whereas (T1) largely preserved the original phenolic profile. These findings demonstrate that the synergistic interaction between enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation promoted peptide release, intensified microbial metabolism, and enhanced phenolic biotransformation, thereby contributing to the superior functional properties observed in T2, while maintaining stable biofunctional characteristics throughout refrigerated storage in both treatments. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/06/13
Campos DavidChirinos RosanaAguilar-Galvez AnaCarrasco María PPedreschi Romina - Plasticizers, including phthalate esters and phthalate-free alternatives, are widely detected environmental chemicals. Although increasing evidence suggests that plasticizers may disrupt gastrointestinal homeostasis, their potential molecular links with inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders (IGDs) remain unclear. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/06/07
Chen YongqiShi JiyuanRuan YunGuan JinghanYan MiaohanZhang ZongyingWu LuojinSang MengmengWang XinfengMao LimingLiu Zhaoxiu - Phosvitin (PV) is a highly phosphorylated protein with strong metal-chelating capacity and bioactivity, but its application is hindered by poor environmental stability. In this study, fructooligosaccharides (FOS) were introduced to form a PV-FOS composite system. The interaction mechanism and structural-functional changes were assessed via thermal and pH stability tests, molecular docking, FTIR, circular dichroism (CD), particle size, zeta potential and changes in turbidity. SDS-PAGE and changes in solubility confirmed the coexistence of PV and FOS in the composite system. Molecular docking revealed that FOS with varying degrees of polymerization can bind to PV through non-covalent interactions to form a complex. FTIR showed characteristic peaks of both components, with shifts and intensity changes at 3200-3500 cm, ~1650 cm, and 1200-900 cm, indicating that non-covalent interactions, intermolecular forces that may be hydrogen bonds, occur between amide, carbonyl, and phosphate groups of PV and hydroxyl groups of FOS. CD demonstrated slight secondary structure rearrangement of PV without significant denaturation. Compared with PV alone, the PV-FOS complex showed an increased particle size and a weakly negative surface charge, which could be attributed to the presence of FOS. These changes may enhance the anti-aggregation capacity of the complex. Consistently, turbidity measurements further demonstrated that the PV-FOS complex exhibited better turbidity stability. Functionally, FOS incorporation significantly improved PV's solubility, metal-chelating capacity, and lipid antioxidant activity under various temperature and pH conditions. In summary, FOS effectively complexes with PV via non-covalent interactions, thereby enhancing structural stability and functionality. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/06/03
Huang AnjiaZhang JingyiChen ShujieLian YinlongChen JuanZhao XueCai Chenggang