Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 ELISA , BMP15
- Known as:
- Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test , BMP15
- Catalog number:
- E01B0394
- Product Quantity:
- 96 Tests/kit
- Category:
- -
- Supplier:
- BGene
- Gene target:
- Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 ELISA BMP15
Related genes to: Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 ELISA , BMP15
- Gene:
- BMP15 NIH gene
- Name:
- bone morphogenetic protein 15
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- GDF9B
- Chromosome:
- Xp11.22
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1999-01-29
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-10-05
Related products to: Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 ELISA , BMP15
Related articles to: Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 ELISA , BMP15
- The quality of in vitro maturation (IVM) is a major factor limiting the efficiency of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and early embryonic development in livestock. This study aimed to validate, in sheep oocytes, the functional relevance of two conserved core miRNA-mRNA interactions, miRNA-504 (miR-504)/pyruvate dehydrogenase alpha 1 (PDHA1) and miRNA-500 (miR-500)/Egl nine homolog 2 (EGLN2), previously identified in porcine oocytes. Using sheep cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) as the experimental model, we combined bioinformatic analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assays, transfection of miRNA mimics and inhibitors, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting (WB), fluorescence staining, IVM, IVF, and in vitro culture (IVC). Through these approaches, we systematically evaluated the effects of the two regulatory axes on sheep oocyte maturation quality, redox status, mitochondrial function, and subsequent early embryonic development, and further assessed the effects of combined intervention. The results showed that miR-504 and miR-500 were highly conserved among multiple mammalian species, with highly consistent seed sequences. Dual-luciferase assays confirmed that miR-504 and miR-500 directly targeted PDHA1 and EGLN2, respectively. Functional analyses showed that overexpression of either miR-504 or miR-500 suppressed cumulus expansion and increased apoptosis, with apoptosis rates increasing from 14.26% to 15.53% in the corresponding control groups to 18.08% and 19.46%, respectively. At the same time, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased significantly, whereas glutathione (GSH) content and mitochondrial membrane potential decreased significantly. The expression of key developmental factors, including growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9), bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15), and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), also declined. These findings indicate that both pathways impair developmental competence by disrupting cytoplasmic maturation. Developmental phenotype analysis further showed that inhibition of miR-504 or miR-500 increased cleavage rate, morula rate, and blastocyst rate. Blastocyst cell numbers were significantly higher in the miR-504 inhibitor and miR-500 inhibitor groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). Molecular analyses showed that miR-504 negatively regulated PDHA1 and its associated energy metabolic pathway, whereas miR-500 negatively regulated the EGLN2/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) pathway. In addition, the combined treatment group receiving both miR-504 inhibitor and miR-500 inhibitor outperformed either single-treatment group in morula formation, blastocyst formation, and blastocyst cell number (p < 0.05), indicating an enhanced effect of combined inhibition in sheep oocytes. In summary, this study supports cross-species conservation at the level of the core miRNA-mRNA interactions of miR-504/PDHA1 and miR-500/EGLN2 and supports their functional relevance in sheep oocytes. These findings provide new evidence for understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate mammalian oocyte quality and offer a theoretical basis for improving in vitro embryo production (IVP) in sheep. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/13
Zhang JunzhengWang JieLi HaoFu KeyuHan XuJi ShuangJin Yi - The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily regulates diverse biological processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, tissue remodeling, and reproductive signaling across metazoans. Here, we performed a genome-wide characterization of the TGF-β gene family in donkey (, ASM1607732v2) using comparative genomics and bioinformatics analyses, with horse (, EquCab3.0) as a reference to investigate evolutionary conservation and functional divergence. Genome assemblies and proteomes were retrieved from NCBI, and TGF-β genes were identified using BLASTp and HMMER searches (Pfam PF00019), followed by phylogenetic, conserved motif, synteny, Ka/Ks, mutation prediction, subcellular localization, and tissue-specific expression analyses. We identified 40 TGF-β genes in donkeys, exceeding the numbers reported in several mammals, suggesting possible lineage-specific expansion or differential gene retention within Equidae. Phylogenetic and motif analyses demonstrated strong evolutionary conservation across the two principal clades (TGF-β-like and BMP-like). Four segmental duplications were identified, with Ka/Ks ratios ranging from 0.28 to 0.43, indicating strong purifying selection on duplicated genes. Synteny analysis revealed extensive collinearity with the horse genome, supporting conserved equid genomic architecture. Comparative sequence analysis identified 160 amino acid variants, including 11 predicted deleterious mutations in key genes (, , , , and ), suggesting potential functional divergence associated with reproductive and developmental pathways. Importantly, transcriptomic validation using publicly available donkey RNA-seq tissue expression data (NCBI BioProject: PRJNA1017964) revealed distinct tissue-specific expression patterns, with reproductive tissues (ovary and uterus) displaying enriched expression of TGF-β/BMP signaling components, particularly , , , , , and , while canonical fecundity genes (GDF9 and BMP15) exhibited ovary-associated expression. This receptor-dominant signaling profile may have a coordinated TGF-β regulatory network underlying folliculogenesis, reproductive tissue remodeling, and fertility-related processes in donkeys. Subcellular localization predictions showed that most proteins (22/40) were extracellularly localized, consistent with conserved signaling functions. Together, this study provides the first integrated genomic and tissue-expression atlas of the donkey TGF-β superfamily, offering new insights into equid-specific evolutionary conservation, reproductive signaling, and functional divergence. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/02
Nasir TanveerTariq MuhammadTharwat MohamedSafdar MuhammadJunejo YasmeenAlshanbari Fahad A - Prolificacy and coat color are key economic traits influencing sheep production. This study evaluated a reduced panel of 48 SNPs previously associated with these traits and assessed its applicability to locally adapted Brazilian sheep breeds. A total of 1152 samples from 15 breeds, conserved in situ at conservation nuclei and ex situ in the Brazilian Animal Germplasm Bank, were genotyped. Allelic, genotypic, and haplotypic frequencies were estimated to compare genetic variability between in situ and ex situ populations. Additionally, linkage disequilibrium (LD) among SNPs within , a key gene associated with prolificacy, was evaluated across local breeds, revealing strong LD among specific markers. The results highlight the importance of the FecG () variant for prolificacy in hair sheep, confirming the presence of mutant allele E in prolific breeds, such as Santa Inês and Morada Nova, and identifying, for the first time, a high frequency of such allele in the Brazilian Blackbelly, which provides new insights into the genetic basis of this prolific hair breed. Other prolificacy-related genes, and , appear to have no functional role in locally adapted breeds, as initially hypothesized, considering genetic differences among European and tropical sheep. Allelic and genotypic variation in , , , and genes reflected differences between wool and hair sheep and between local and commercial breeds. Overall, the results indicate that the germplasm bank effectively preserves in situ diversity. In conclusion, the reduced SNP panel efficiently genotyped Brazilian sheep for prolificacy and coat color SNPs, confirming which markers are present and segregating in these breeds. However, its utility could be improved by removing markers of limited relevance in the targeted breeds. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/01
Rodrigues Camila SouzaFaria Danielle Assis deAzevedo Hymerson CostaSilva Kleibe de MoraesFacó OlivardoSantos Sandra AparecidaBraga Ramayana MenezesCaetano Alexandre RodriguesMoraes José Carlos FerrugemSouza Carlos José Hoff dePaiva Samuel RezendeMcManus Concepta - The in vitro culture of immature follicles remains a challenge in reproductive biology, ART, and fertility preservation. This study investigated the impact of α-MEM and SAGE 1-Step media on mouse preantral follicle development and oocyte maturation using two-dimensional (2D) and suspension culture systems. Preantral follicles (∼130 µm) from 14-day-old NMRI mice were cultured for 13 days in either medium under 2D or suspension conditions. On day 13, hCG was added to induce meiotic resumption. We evaluated follicular growth, antrum formation, oocyte maturation, meiotic spindle organization, and expression of genes related to maturation (Bmp15, Gdf9), cumulus expansion (Has2, Ptgs2, Lhr, Adamts1), and apoptosis (Bax, Bcl2). Antral formation was higher in α-MEM in both culture systems (P > 0.05). However, SAGE 1-Step significantly improved oocyte maturation across both systems (P =0.01 in 2D vs. P=0.006 in suspension compared to α-MEM). Spindle staining demonstrated that suspension culture significantly increased the percentage of oocytes with normal meiotic spindle organization (P=0.002). Gene expression analysis revealed a significant upregulation of Adamts1 (P=0.008) and downregulation of Bax (P=0.01) in suspension culture. Furthermore, the apoptotic ratio of Bax/Bcl2 was significantly decreased in the suspension system (P=0.01). In conclusion, SAGE 1-Step medium significantly enhances oocyte maturation, while the suspension system superiorly preserves meiotic spindle architecture and reduces apoptosis. The combination of SAGE 1-Step and suspension culture provides an optimized microenvironment for producing high-quality oocytes. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/08
Bazgir AmirKarami NargesHassani FatemehFarokhi FarahDalman Azam - Fertility limits productivity in cattle and camels. Bovine fertility genomics is advanced, but determinants of fertility in camels remain poorly defined. Advances in long-read assemblies, transcriptomics, multi-omics, and biotechnology provide opportunities to resolve species-specific mechanisms and improve assisted reproductive technologies (ART). This review synthesizes genomic, molecular, endocrine, and biotechnological evidence to evaluate ART and precision breeding strategies. A structured search (2010-2025) across databases retrieved studies reporting molecular, genetic, physiological, or ART evidence related to fertility, enabling cross-species comparisons. Study quality and relevance were appraised, and findings were synthesized narratively with emphasis on translational relevance for breeding and herd management. In cattle, FSHR, LHCGR, IGF1, LEP/LEPR, BMP15, and GDF9 show consistent support from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), transcriptomics, and functional assays. In camels, preliminary evidence implicates FSHR, LHCGR, STAR, CYP19A1, BMP15, GDF9, and ESR1. The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, gonadotropin signaling, PI3K-AKT and TGF-β cascades, steroidogenesis, epigenetic regulation, and oocyte-derived factors. Comparative analysis indicates conserved genes but distinct features of induced ovulation, seasonality, and endocrine control in camels. Emerging tools-long-read assemblies, RNA-seq, single-cell omics, CRISPR, and AI-based prediction-are promising. Assisted Reproductive Technologies (IVF/ICSI, OPU-IVEP, embryo grading, hormonal synchronization) is well established in cattle but still developing in camels. We conclude that cattle fertility genomics is robust, whereas camel genomics remain fragmented. Integrating genomic data, reproductive physiology, and ART can accelerate genetic gain. Priorities include camel SNP arrays (genome-wide SNP genotyping platforms), multi-omics datasets, improved ART outcomes, Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning phenotyping and prediction, supported by coordinated regional and international collaborations to enhance reproductive management in arid systems. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/06/26
Mohteshamuddin KhajaNizamuddin AzharuddinBijurkar Rajeshwar Gangaram