TGM2 Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
- Known as:
- TGM2 Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
- Catalog number:
- ENZ-007052-M10
- Product Quantity:
- 0.1mg
- Category:
- -
- Supplier:
- Zyagen
- Gene target:
- TGM2 Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
Related genes to: TGM2 Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
- Gene:
- TGM2 NIH gene
- Name:
- transglutaminase 2
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- TGC
- Chromosome:
- 20q11.23
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1991-08-02
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-10-05
Related products to: TGM2 Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
Related articles to: TGM2 Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
- Indigenous chickens play a critical role in food security and climate resilience in smallholder systems, yet their genomic diversity and adaptive potential remain insufficiently characterised. This study employed low-pass whole-genome sequencing (LP-WGS; 0.2-1.99×) to investigate genomic diversity, population structure, inbreeding and candidate environment-associated genomic variation in 33 chickens from highland, midland, and lowland agroecologies in the Tigray region of northern Ethiopia. After imputation and stringent filtering, 23.4 million high-confidence SNPs were retained, including ~ 17% novel variants, indicating substantial uncharacterised genetic diversity in these populations. SNP density (13.8 ± 8.6 SNPs/kb) was comparable to values reported from high-coverage Ethiopian chicken datasets, demonstrating the suitability of LP-WGS for population genomics in resource-limited settings. Marked differences in genomic diversity were observed among ecotypes: midland chickens showed the highest nucleotide diversity (π = 0.00267), followed by lowland (π = 0.00233), whereas highland chickens showed the lowest diversity (π = 0.00203) and elevated genomic inbreeding (F and F ≈ 0.18). Population structure analyses revealed clear genetic separation among ecotypes. PCA (13.91% variation explained) distinguished lowland chickens along PC1 and separated highland from midland along PC2, while ADMIXTURE and F patterns supported three major ancestral genomic backgrounds. Functional annotation of private missense variants uncovered distinct adaptive signatures reflecting the contrasting agroecological conditions. Highland chickens showed enrichment of candidate genes potentially involved in physiological processes relevant to high-altitude environments, including cold response, angiogenesis, cardiovascular regulation and metabolic homeostasis (eg., PARP1, ACOX2, ITGB3, EDNRB, SOX8, and SOX10). Midland chickens exhibited candidate signals of selection in genes with known roles in innate antiviral immunity, bacterial defence and inflammatory regulation (eg., BAK1, CLSTN1, CYSLTR1, CYSLTR2, CXCR7, GIPR, DSCAM, GDAP1, TLR3, TLR4, TLR7, IFIH1, ADORA1, EPHB1, and TMPRSS2). Lowland chickens displayed candidate variants associated with heat-stress response, DNA damage repair, oxidative balance and cardiovascular support under extreme temperatures (e.g., MLH1, BDKRB1, GPR19, FLT1, CCL18, TGM2, and RAMP3). Overall, the results indicate substantial genomic differentiation among ecotypes and suggest candidate environment-associated genetic divergence across Tigray's diverse agroecological zones. These populations may represent important reservoirs of adaptive genetic variation for climate-resilient poultry breeding, warranting further functional validation and conservation-oriented management. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/02
Gebru GebreslassieBelay GurjaZegeye TsadkanDessie TadelleBirhanie MinisterZenebe MulalemSalim BashirKatrina MorrisHanotte OlivierVallejo-Trujillo Adriana - There is no specific therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and the recurrence rate is high. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in cancer chemoresistance and metastasis, but there is no consensus marker in this type of cancer. The aim of this study was to identify CSC biomarkers in the plasma secretome of TNBC patients. - Source: PubMed
Choque JorgeAguilar AparicioEnciso-Benavides JavierRojas-Moran NancyEnciso NathalyAltamirano Carlos CastañedaCastillo MiluskaAlfaro LuisEnciso Javier - Butyrate is a microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acid with established roles in maintaining intestinal barrier integrity and regulating immune responses. Although its effects have been extensively investigated in immunocompetent models, systemic immune homeostasis in severely immunodeficient hosts remains incompletely understood. This exploratory study evaluated the impact of sodium butyrate (NaB) supplementation on tissue-associated microbial antigen detection and immune marker distribution along different organs in athymic nude mice. Female NU/J athymic mice were administered either regular drinking water (HO, = 10) or NaB-supplemented water (150 mM, = 5) for six weeks. Intestinal, liver, lung, and kidney tissues were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Expression of microbial antigens, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), as well as immune-associated markers (CD3, CD8a, CD68, CD278, and transglutaminase-2 [TGM2]), was assessed using a semiquantitative scoring system. NaB supplementation did not significantly affect organ morphology but was associated with better weight gain. Histological examination revealed preserved tissue architecture in all organs, with only mild condensation of small intestinal crypts in NaB-treated mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed consistently lower LPS expression in NaB-treated animals compared with controls in the small intestine, liver, and kidney, with a borderline reduction in the lungs. Reduced LPS detection was accompanied by significantly lower expression of the macrophage marker CD68 in the kidney. Oral NaB supplementation was associated with lower detection of bacterial antigens in tissues and reduced innate immune expression across multiple organs. These findings support a potential role for butyrate in limiting microbial expression and systemic inflammatory signaling in athymic mice. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/10
Mossa Abubakr HAlhalabi Walaa Sherif MohammedChehade SyliaAlnakhli Razaz Omer OsmanHachim Ibrahim YaseenHachim Mahmood Y - Monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin, 5-HT), traditionally implicated in the central nervous system, are increasingly recognized as contributors to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the E3 ubiquitin ligase F-box-only protein 6 (FBXO6) is highly expressed in HCC patients. FBXO6 promotes accumulation of 5-HT and dopamine in HCC by mediating K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA). Elevated monoamine levels activate their cognate receptors, triggering the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling axis. Simultaneously, these neurotransmitters induce transglutaminase 2 (TGM2)-dependent histone monoaminylation (H3Q5ser and H3Q5dop), forming a synergistic oncogenic circuit that drives HCC development. Clinical specimens reveal a strong inverse correlation between FBXO6 and MAOA protein levels, validating this regulatory axis. Preclinical studies demonstrate that combined treatment with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus and the TGM2 inhibitor GK921 exerts synergistic antitumor effects against FBXO6-driven HCC, providing a rational therapeutic strategy for patients with FBXO6 overexpression. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/17
Li ChunmingZhang YujunLin Xiao-TongZhang JieZhang Lei-DaGong JianpingXie Chuan-Ming - Histamine is a key signaling molecule in pathophysiology that can exhibit significant regulatory roles in diverse health and disease states. Besides the well-studied noncovalent interactions between histamine and its receptors, protein histaminylation is a recently discovered mechanism of action through which histamine regulates cellular signaling pathways in a covalent modification manner. Histaminylation is an emerging protein post-translational modification (PTM), where an isopeptide bond is formed between the histamine primary amine and the γ-carboxyl group of glutamine through a transamidation reaction catalyzed by transglutaminase 2 (TGM2). However, due to the lack of efficient pan-specific antibodies targeting histaminylated glutamine, the histaminylation proteome in cells remains poorly explored. Here, we report the design and development of a novel Nτ-propargylated histamine (Nτ-PH) probe as well as its successful application in chemical proteomic profiling of the histaminylation proteome in cancer cells. Notably, new TGM2-catalyzed epigenetic marks on core histones, e.g., H2AX-Q84 and Q104 histaminylation, have been identified from cancer cells and verified. Lastly, the crosstalk between H2AX histaminylation and γH2AX formation was discovered in this study, suggesting that TGM2-mediated histaminylation plays a critical role in DNA damage responses. - Source: PubMed
Ma XingyuLeaman Anne ALin ZengLi HuapengCai ZhengjunWang QianyueDalal KaiwaanHossain Md ShahadatThirumalaikumar Venkatesh PWang ZhihongO'Brien Valerie PTao W AndyZheng Qingfei