Mouse IL21 protein Proteins
- Known as:
- Mouse IL21 protein Proteins
- Catalog number:
- orb80470
- Product Quantity:
- 2
- Category:
- -
- Supplier:
- Biorb
- Gene target:
- Mouse IL21 protein Proteins
Related genes to: Mouse IL21 protein Proteins
- Gene:
- IL21 NIH gene
- Name:
- interleukin 21
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- Za11, IL-21
- Chromosome:
- 4q27
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 2000-03-29
- Date modifiied:
- 2019-04-23
Related products to: Mouse IL21 protein Proteins
Related articles to: Mouse IL21 protein Proteins
- In this work, we developed bispecific antibody (bsAb)-derived surrogate agonists which mimic the function of IL-21 by targeting the IL-21 receptor composed of IL-21 R (CD360) and IL-2 Rγ (CD132). For this, antigen-specific VHHs (variable domains of the heavy chain of heavy-chain-only antibodies) were obtained by immunization of camelids and isolated using yeast surface display. Combinatorial reformatting of IL-21 R-specific single‑domain antibodies (sdAbs) and IL-2 Rγ-targeting paratopes into a monovalent bispecific antibody architecture enabled the identification of IL-21 mimetics displaying attenuated capacities in triggering STAT3 phosphorylation compared to the wild-type cytokine as demonstrated in NK-92 cells as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Moreover, by applying different protein engineering strategies, we demonstrate that agonism capacities of the generated IL-21 mimetics, such as pSTAT3 induction or Granzyme B expression of cytotoxic T cells, can be significantly optimized. For this, framework mutations were introduced to engineer VHH:VHH interactions within the bispecific sdAb-Fc fusion geometry for a more rigid receptor targeting. Furthermore, we show that antibody format engineering, in which the VHHs were arranged in an IgG-like scaffold that replaces the conventional IgG VH and VL domains with the corresponding VHHs, combined with rigidifying mutations, enables IL-21 R agonism comparable to the wild-type cytokine. Taken together, these findings show that IL-21 receptor agonism can be substantially optimized by adapting the spatial orientation of paratopes targeting both receptor subunits via forced dimerization, without altering paratope valencies. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/02
Lipinski BrittaUnmuth LauraTran Thi Hong HueHarwood JakobArras PaulBecker StefanHarwardt JuliaGuarnera EnricoHelming LauraZaynagetdinov RinatBertoldo DavideRajpal ArvindElter DesislavaPekar LukasEvers AndreasZielonka Stefan - To study the antigen-specific CD4 T cell responses to transfused red blood cells (RBCs) in vivo, we have utilized the adoptive transfer of naïve RBC-specific CD4 T cells at low precursor frequencies. Our approach combines the readily available OT-II T cell receptor transgenic mouse, which recognizes ovalbumin, with the Hen egg lysozyme, Ovalbumin, and the human Duffy (HOD) RBC alloimmunization model transgenically expressing a chimeric antigen comprised of hen egg lysozyme, ovalbumin, and human Duffy protein selectively on RBCs. OT-II mice have been crossed to Pep Boy mice to allow for the use of the CD45.1 congenic marker to readily identify antigen-specific cells in a C57/Black6 (C57/B6) CD45.2 background. As both IL-21 and IL-4 are known to support B cell activation, class switching, and differentiation into antibody-secreting plasmablasts, we have further crossed OT-II/CD45.1 mice with mice expressing knock-ins of two separate fluorescent reporters that read out both IL-21 and IL-4 RNA expression. This approach allows for the use of commonly employed multiparameter flow cytometric analysis to characterize the activation, proliferation, and phenotype of RBC antigen-specific T cells, as well as their subsequent cytokine production in response to transfused allogeneic RBCs. Using these approaches, we present examples of antigen-specific T cell responses induced by HOD transfusion in wild-type (WT) C57/B6 recipients. - Source: PubMed
Medved JelenaArneja AbhinavBoscia AlexisBurnett EmilyIreland SelbyThorkelsdottir GunnhildurChandler ArwenHester BenjaminSchwarzschild CatherineNiebuhr ConradLuckey Chance John - Talaromycosis (TSM) is a severe opportunistic fungal infection that mostly infects patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). After antiretroviral therapy (ART), AIDS patients with TSM may develop immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), leading to the paradoxical worsening of clinical symptoms. However, the immunological characteristics of TSM-related IRIS (TSM-IRIS) in AIDS patients remain poorly understood. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/01
Zhao BeiZhang QinzhiGuo PengleYang YingyinXu FeilongLing XuemeiHe KaiyinChen XiejieTang XiaopingZhang HuihuaLi Linghua - Ulcerative colitis (UC) development and progression are associated with intestinal dysbiosis, altered short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism, and immune dysregulation. Although fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has therapeutic potential, its key effector metabolites and regulatory pathways remain unclear. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/17
Luo QinghuaDing YifanShen PanChen TingXu ZhiqiangZhang Leichang - Sleep deprivation is increasingly recognised as a potent physiological stressor capable of altering immune function and promoting systemic inflammation. Emerging evidence suggests that these inflammatory changes may contribute to cardiac electrical instability and arrhythmia risk. However, the specific cytokines involved and their mechanistic pathways in canine models remain poorly characterised. This study aimed to (1) identify key cytokines consistently associated with sleep deprivation through a systematic review of the literature, and (2) perform a canine-specific network and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis to characterise their interactions and potential mechanistic links to arrhythmogenesis. - Source: PubMed
Sethumadhavan AdithyaKumar Arun Hs