TLR2 mAb;human (TL2.1)
- Known as:
- TLR2 mAb;H. sapiens (TL2.1)
- Catalog number:
- ASACSA-780E
- Product Quantity:
- 100 µg
- Category:
- -
- Supplier:
- Other suppliers
- Gene target:
- TLR2 mAb;human (TL2.1)
Related genes to: TLR2 mAb;human (TL2.1)
- Gene:
- EEF1AKMT3 NIH gene
- Name:
- EEF1A lysine methyltransferase 3
- Previous symbol:
- FAM119B, METTL21B
- Synonyms:
- DKFZP586D0919
- Chromosome:
- 12q14.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 2006-05-15
- Date modifiied:
- 2017-02-10
- Gene:
- METTL21EP NIH gene
- Name:
- methyltransferase like 21E, pseudogene
- Previous symbol:
- METTL21CP1
- Synonyms:
- -
- Chromosome:
- 13q33.1
- Locus Type:
- pseudogene
- Date approved:
- 2011-08-15
- Date modifiied:
- 2012-11-09
- Gene:
- TLR2 NIH gene
- Name:
- toll like receptor 2
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- TIL4, CD282
- Chromosome:
- 4q31.3
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1998-06-25
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-10-25
- Gene:
- VCPKMT NIH gene
- Name:
- valosin containing protein lysine methyltransferase
- Previous symbol:
- C14orf138, METTL21D
- Synonyms:
- VCP-KMT
- Chromosome:
- 14q21.3
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 2003-01-28
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-01-05
Related products to: TLR2 mAb;human (TL2.1)
Related articles to: TLR2 mAb;human (TL2.1)
- is a leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), which can escalate into systemic disease. While innate immune responses play a critical role in bacterial clearance, the bacterial components themselves can exacerbate inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that lipoproteins (Lpp) and polymeric peptidoglycan (PG) synergistically induce skin abscesses in mice, in a process that requires both the lipid moiety of Lpp and the intact polymeric structure of PG. This synergy is mediated by Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) and depends on infiltrating neutrophils and monocytes. Co-administration of Lpl1 and PG results in a 5-fold to 10-fold increase in macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) levels in the skin compared to either ligand alone, indicating a clear synergistic effect. Furthermore, we show that local alteration in coagulation and fibrinolysis contributes to the inflammatory response, as fibrinogen depletion significantly reduced lesion size. To extend these findings to a clinically relevant model, we employed an double mutant that lacked both lipidation (Δ) and peptidoglycan O-acetyltransferase (Δ). This strain exhibited markedly attenuated virulence in a murine skin infection model. Importantly, this attenuation was fully reversed by neutrophil depletion, indicating that neutrophils are essential mediators of the host responses to these bacterial structures. Our findings reveal a cooperative mechanism through which cell wall components drive skin lesion development, and we identify potential therapeutic targets for reducing the severity of SSTIs. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/15
Mohammad MajdHu ZhichengScheffler Julia MNega MulugetaLuqman ArifKrzyzowska MalgorzataSundqvist MartinaKopparapu Pradeep KumarPullerits RilleAli AbukarNguyen Minh-ThuGötz FriedrichJin Tao - IL‑17A γδT cells are involved in biliary atresia (BA) inflammatory injury; however, the mechanism underlying their activation remains unclear. The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which γδT cells are activated to secrete IL‑17A in BA. Clinical samples from 27 patients with BA and 23 control individuals were collected and analyzed using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR), western blotting, ELISA, flow cytometry, Opal multiplex immunohistochemistry and immunohistochemistry. In addition, wild‑type (WT) and BA murine models were developed through infection with rhesus rotavirus (RRV) and assessed by RT‑qPCR, western blotting, ELISA, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The release of high‑mobility group box‑1 (HMGB1) from RRV‑infected biliary epithelial cells (BECs) and macrophages was investigated by ELISA and immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. In addition, co‑culture systems of γδT cells with BECs or macrophages were established. The results revealed that the levels of hepatic IL‑17A were higher in patients with BA, with γδT cells serving an important role in producing IL‑17A. In the BA murine model, the IL‑17A levels increased from day 3 to 14, and IL‑17A γδT cells peaked on day 7. The BA murine model exhibited lower IL‑17A levels, improved liver and bile duct morphology, and lower BA incidence compared with in the WT BA murine model, which was reversed through adoptive transfer of murine IL‑17A γδT cells. HMGB1, and Toll‑like receptor (TLR)2 and 4 were upregulated in liver tissues from both patients with BA and the BA murine model. By contrast, hepatic IL‑17A levels were decreased in the BA murine model treated with the HMGB1 inhibitor. In addition, HMGB1 was released from RRV‑infected BECs or macrophages, and exogenous HMGB1 stimulation enhanced IL‑17A production in γδT cells. The and γδT cell co‑culture system inhibited IL‑17A production and NF‑κB activation, whereas NF‑κB inhibition abolished HMGB1‑induced IL‑17A production in WT γδT cells. In conclusion, HMGB1 released from injured BECs or macrophages may activate IL‑17A γδT cells to mediate BA inflammatory injury via the HMGB1‑TLR2/4‑NF‑κB pathways. The present study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration ID: ChiCTR2000039619; registered November 3, 2020). - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/15
Zhang Meng-XinTang Jing-FengHong MeiYang YingZhou YunChi Shui-QingRong Li-YingCao Guo-QingZhang XiZhang Jin-XiangTang Shao-Tao - Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death worldwide, caused by (Mtb). The existing Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine has limitations, especially its reduced effectiveness in adults. This research focuses on developing a multi-epitope Mtb vaccine candidate through reverse vaccinology, aiming for a more effective and widely applicable solution. The study used the Vaxign2 pipeline to identify Mtb antigenic proteins, including PPE35, mpt83, mrsA, and rplK. Cytotoxic T cells (CTL), helper T cells (HTL), and B-cells, were predicted and selected based on their antigenicity, non-allergenicity, and non-toxicity. The chosen epitopes from these proteins, 4 CTL, 1 HTL, and 1 B cell epitope, were assembled into a multi-epitope vaccine construct, incorporating the adjuvant PADRE and linkers (EAAAK, AAY, and GPGPG). The vaccine candidate has a molecular weight of 10.68 kDa, with stability, hydrophilicity, and solubility confirmed. Its 3D structure was validated for quality and accuracy. Docking and molecular dynamics simulations with immune receptors TLR2 and TLR4 showed strong, stable interactions. The global population coverage of the vaccine candidate was reaching 98.19%. In silico cloning into the pET30a(+) vector in BL21(DE3) was successful, with codon optimization (CAI: 0.98) and a GC content of 54.6%. Immunity simulations indicated enhanced activation of antigen-presenting cells, CTL, HTL, B cells, and antibody production. Overall, this study suggests vaccine candidate is a promising multi-epitope vaccine candidate, warranting further in vivo testing, including protein expression in . - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/13
Hasan Nur AhmGiri-Rachman Ernawati ANugrahapraja Husna - Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) represents a significant reproductive health challenge. The intricate balance of immune regulation at the maternal-fetal interface is crucial for maintaining pregnancy, involving complex interactions among multiple molecular pathways. In this way, TLR2 and the BAX have emerged as key players in immune modulation during pregnancy. This study examines the expression profiles of BAX and TLR2 in both maternal blood and fetal tissues across various trimesters, aiming to elucidate their potential role in RSA pathogenesis. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/08
Babaei KosarMozdarani HosseinMirsadeghi Misa NaghdipourMirhafez Seyed RezaNorollahi Seyedeh ElhamMirzajani EbrahimAzimi-Nezhad MohsenSamadani Ali Akbar - Lactobacillus SlpX protein has been identified as a surface-layer protein (SLP) with the function of mediating intestinal colonization of the strain, but the mechanism of its action on intestinal immunomodulation has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the protective function of SlpX protein on the intestinal epithelial cell barrier by constructing cellular models, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/14
Zhu YeyingCao YingyingFan XiankangWu ZhenShi ZihangZhang TaoCai ZhendongZeng XiaoqunPan Daodong