CD69 protein
- Known as:
- CD69 protein
- Catalog number:
- 80R-4395
- Product Quantity:
- 50 ug
- Category:
- -
- Supplier:
- Fitzgerald
- Gene target:
- CD69 protein
Related genes to: CD69 protein
- Gene:
- CD69 NIH gene
- Name:
- CD69 molecule
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- CLEC2C
- Chromosome:
- 12p13.31
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1992-08-06
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-10-05
Related products to: CD69 protein
Related articles to: CD69 protein
- In relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, the approved B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell product ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) shows higher response rates than idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) in pivotal trials and real-world comparisons. This advantage has been attributed to the biparatopic dual-VHH (dVHH) binder of cilta-cel. However, the products also differ in the gene regulatory elements driving CAR expression: cilta-cel uses a human elongation factor α (EF1α) promoter in conjunction with a woodchuck hepatitis post-transcriptional regulatory element (EF1α), whereas ide-cel uses a myeloproliferative sarcoma virus enhancer (MND) promoter without WPRE (MMD). The role of these elements in CAR-T cell efficacy remains unexplored.We generated lentiviral vectors where the CAR transgene was composed of either a dVHH-based or a single-chain variable fragment (scFv)-based BCMA-CAR with a 4-1BB costimulatory and a CD3ζ signaling domain, expressed either by EF1α or MND Primary human T cells or a nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-GFP Jurkat reporter line were compared at matched vector copy numbers (VCN) or CAR surface expression. Antitumor efficacy was assessed in MM.1S-engrafted NSG mice.When transduced at the same multiplicities of infection, MND CAR-T cells reached higher VCN and transduction rates than EF1α regardless of the binder type. In an NFAT-GFP reporter assay, unstimulated MND-driven cells showed higher NFAT and CD69 expression, consistent with greater tonic signaling compared with EF1α In vivo, independently of the BCMA binder moiety, EF1α-driven CAR-T cells demonstrated superior cytokine secretion and tumor control along with greater survival of mice treated with EF1αcompared with MND-driven CAR-T cells.CAR-T cells expressing the CAR under MND showed greater gene transfer during manufacturing, but this did not translate into superior function in vivo. The advantage attributed to cilta-cel's dual VHH binder was lost when expressed under MND and, conversely, ide-cel's scFv binder achieved better antitumor activity when expressed under EF1α than under MND The efficacy difference between our CAR constructs in xenograft models therefore tracked with the choice of regulatory elements driving CAR expression independently of the binder. It may be better to choose gene regulatory elements based on the CAR-T cell function they confer rather than on expression strength alone. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/18
Blumenberg ViktoriaJune Kristen BBirocchi FilippoEscobar GiuliaGraham CharlotteFan YueyangPhillips Merle KPark SangwooHarris DesheaAnderson HenryBouffard Amanda AKelly ChristopherElsallab MagdiBerger Trisha RGallagher Kathleen MeLeick Mark BMucci AdeleMaus Marcela V - The COVID-19 pandemic has created a global health challenge. Severe cases are associated with immune system dysfunction, which can lead to uncontrolled inflammation. There are no published data on the specific roles of natural killer (NK)-cell subsets and immune checkpoint (IC) molecules in disease severity. Thirty-five patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and 14 healthy controls were involved in the study. From peripheral blood, CD56dim and CD56bright cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry for the expression of IC molecules (T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain [TIGIT], CD226, and PD-1), activation markers (CD69), and cytotoxic potential (CD107a degranulation, granzymes, and perforin content). In COVID-19 patients, the proportion of CD8- CD56dim cells was significantly higher than the CD8+ subset. Inhibitory receptors TIGIT and PD-1 exhibited significantly higher relative expression in CD8+ CD56dim cells compared to their CD8- counterparts across infected groups, an effect particularly pronounced in deceased patients. Conversely, activating CD226 expression was reduced in the CD8- CD56dim subset only in severe cases. Functional assays revealed significantly elevated CD107a and CD69 expression in CD56dim cells of patients versus controls. Notably, CD8- CD56bright cells from deceased patients demonstrated enhanced CD107a expression and elevated perforin content, suggesting a shift toward hyperactivation. The preferential upregulation of inhibitory checkpoint molecules on the highly active CD8+ subset may reflect a compensatory response to immune activation, whereas the enhanced activation of CD8- NK-cell subsets was associated with disease severity and mortality. Similarly, the heightened cytotoxic profile of CD8- CD56bright cells observed in fatal cases may reflect immune dysregulation associated with severe COVID-19. - Source: PubMed
Meggyes MatyasNagy David UToth IldikoMezosi LiviaSipos DavidPeterfalvi AgnesSzereday Laszlo - T cell-mediated rejection significantly constrains the success of organ transplantation. T-cell activation relies on the complementary CD28 and ICOS costimulatory pathways. Thus, this research assessed a new dual CD28/ICOS antagonist, acazicolcept, in rigorous allogeneic transplantation models. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/10
Guo LeigangMa XiaojingnanMa TingtingYang ZhenLi LinLiu YaojuanWang JianxiZhan PanpanShen Zhongyang - Cancer immunotherapies show clinical promise but often rely on T-cell priming and are limited by tumor heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Innate immune activation offers a complementary approach, with specific aim in natural killer (NK) cell activation for antigen-independent response. Biomimetic nanoparticles combining virus-like morphology with cell membrane (CM) coating offer a strategy to engage this innate immune axis. This study investigates virus-like mesoporous silica nanoparticles (VLPSi) with tunable spikes, surface functionalization, and CM coating as innate immunity modulators. Optimization revealed that longer spikes, amine functionalization, and CM coating synergistically enhance NK cell activation within human PBMCs, as indicated by CD69/CD25 upregulation and IFN-γ secretion. CD14+ monocyte depletion attenuated activation, identifying monocyte-dependent crosstalk as a key mechanism. In purified NK cells, engineered CM-coated VLPSi induced early activation and supported feeder-free expansion. These results define topology, surface chemistry, and CM coating as parameters for innate immune modulation. - Source: PubMed
Sivonen MinnaSaarela SiljaWang JiajiaSaari MiraJärvelä EmmiAndersson LottaBatnasan EnkhzayaLatonen LeenaGöös HelkaLehto Vesa-PekkaXu Wujun - Carbamazepine (CBZ) can cause severe cutaneous adverse reactions, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis, and is strongly associated with HLA risk alleles. However, HLA genotype alone incompletely predicts clinical risk. Adverse drug reactions depend on drug-peptide-HLA conformation, immuno-regulatory cell interactions and the presence of drug-specific TCR clonotypes in susceptible patients. An unresolved question is whether patients that develop a specific drug reaction harbor the same drug-specific TCR (public TCR) or generate patient unique TCRs (private TCR). - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/19
Hwang SuJinYano MasahideJang YuraKhalaj MaryamMattson ElliotLu LiKortchak StephanieGorman JasonPuig MontserratNorcross Michael