rR TNF-alpha
- Known as:
- rR TNF-a
- Catalog number:
- AK8320-1000
- Product Quantity:
- 1mg
- Category:
- -
- Supplier:
- Akro
- Gene target:
- TNF-alpha
Related products to: rR TNF-alpha
Related articles to: rR TNF-alpha
- The present study aimed to investigate macrophage polarization imbalance and its association with sustained NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling under chronic inflammatory stimulation using both and in vitro COPD-related models. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/26
Zhao JiazhenLiu YangLi YaxiLiu ZhiyuanTan MinWang ChanghuiLong XuanSong Xiaolian - Phytogenic feed additives encompass a broad category of plant-derived compounds that are used to improve animal health and production performance. Essential oils, as a volatile subclass of phytogenics extracted from plant materials, are recognized for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties and have been increasingly investigated as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in broiler nutrition. The study objective was to evaluate the effect of garlic and black seed oils on live broiler growth performance, immunity, and related gene expression. A total of 560 day-old Indian River broiler chicks were assigned randomly in a completely randomized design to one of four dietary groups, with each treatment consisting of 7 replicates (20 birds per replicate): control (CON; = 140), garlic oil supplemented diet (200 mg/kg feed garlic oil, GO; = 140), black seed oil supplemented diet (150 mg/kg feed black seed oil, BSO; = 140), and the mixed oils group (200 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg for garlic and black seed oils, respectively, GO+BSO; = 140). Supplementation with GO or BSO individually enhanced final body weight ( = 0.0356) and feed conversion ratio ( = 0.0407). White blood cell counts were lower in the treatment groups ( = 0.035). Serum triglycerides, VLDL, and AST levels were significantly reduced in the treatment groups ( < 0.05). counts were lower in the treatment groups ( = 0.0006). Gene expression analysis revealed significant downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) and AvBD9, alongside upregulation of LEAP-2 and SLC11A1 in liver and spleen tissues. Dietary supplementation with garlic oil or black seed oil significantly enhanced broiler growth performance, lipid metabolism, immune function, and gut microbiota balance. The combined treatment (GO+BSO) did not produce additive or synergistic effects, suggesting overlapping mechanisms of action. These findings support GO and BSO as effective multifunctional alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in sustainable poultry production. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/15
Obeidat Mohammad DKhafajah Ghassan ARiley David G - Tumor-specific activation of the stimulator of the interferon genes (STING) pathway is essential for maximizing antitumor efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity of STING agonists. Conjugating STING agonists with tumor-targeting warheads has emerged as a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeting platinum (Pt)-(IV)-centered STING agonist conjugates by esterifying the two axial hydroxyls of Pt-(IV) species with STING agonist and the FAP warhead, respectively. Among the synthesized conjugates, exhibited picomolar binding affinity to FAP and preferentially accumulated in 3T3-hFAP cells. Under hypoxic tumor conditions, these conjugates release the active Pt-(II) species to induce tumor cell death and simultaneously liberate to activate the STING/IFN-mediated antitumor immune response. In colon tumor-bearing mice, mainly distributed in tumor tissue and showed significantly enhanced antitumor activity and reduced toxicity. Compared to alone, it promoted more CD8 T-cell infiltration and reduced FAP cell populations in tumors. Importantly, it selectively elevated TNF-α and IP-10 levels in tumor tissue without increasing serum cytokine levels, indicating tumor-specific STING pathway activation. These findings provide strong proof of concept for FAP-targeted Pt-(IV)-STING agonist conjugates as a novel tumor-specific metalloimmunotherapy. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/06/18
He EndeSun JiaWang ZhengyuanFan YimingSong ZilanZhang AoDing Chunyong - Wound-induced hair follicle neogenesis (WIHN) represents a remarkable regenerative phenomenon observed in adult mammalian skin (predominantly studied in mice), in which large full-thickness wounds bypass fibrotic scarring to generate fully functional hair follicles. This process reflects the context-dependent reactivation of embryonic morphogenetic programs, driven by a coordinated tripartite immune-microbial-epithelial axis (defined here as the integrated multi-directional signaling network among localized immune cells, epithelial stem cells, and the skin microbiota/fibroblasts). Mechanistically, γδ T cells initiate dermal fibroblast reprogramming through an FGF9-Wnt feed-forward loop, while macrophages promote AKT/β-catenin signaling in Lgr5 epithelial stem cells via TNF-α-driven non-canonical pathways. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) further support follicular morphogenesis by delivering Jagged1/Notch signals. In parallel, the skin microbiota acts as a key amplifier of regeneration, modulating the wound microenvironment through the IL-1β/MyD88 signaling axis. Taken together, WIHN illustrates the remarkable functional plasticity of immune signaling, which can be repurposed from host defense to orchestrating tissue regeneration. By elucidating this dynamic murine skin-immune dialogue, this mini-review provides a conceptual framework for speculative precision immunomodulatory therapies and emerging translational approaches-such as laser-assisted tissue remodeling-aimed at treating inflammatory and scarring alopecia, as well as achieving scarless and functionally restorative wound healing. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/15
Ma Ying-MingShen WeiXie Xiao-LeiTang Shun-LiWu YuanZhong Hua-JieYan QiangSun Hui - Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare yet life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome, increasingly reported in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) receiving biologic therapy. While Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus represent the most frequent infectious triggers, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is extremely uncommon and may be easily ignored outside endemic areas. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/28
Pelligra CaterinaBolis LorenzoCostantino AndreaVecchi Maurizio