rM GM-CSF
- Known as:
- rM GM-CSF
- Catalog number:
- AK8233-1000
- Product Quantity:
- 1mg
- Category:
- -
- Supplier:
- Akro
- Gene target:
- GM-CSF
Related genes to: rM GM-CSF
- Gene:
- CSF2 NIH gene
- Name:
- colony stimulating factor 2
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- GM-CSF, GMCSF
- Chromosome:
- 5q31.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 2001-06-22
- Date modifiied:
- 2018-12-12
Related products to: rM GM-CSF
Related articles to: rM GM-CSF
- Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are abnormal clusters of immune cells found in inflamed, infected, or cancerous tissues. These structures contain high concentrations of T cells, B cells, plasma cells, follicular helper T cells, follicular dendritic cells, germinal centers, and high endothelial venules. TLSs serve as sites favorable for immune cell infiltration and facilitate the generation of an inflammatory response against tumors. We aimed to determine whether the TLS-related signature can stratify prognosis, predict immune microenvironment characteristics, and inform treatment for patients with colon cancer. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/02/25
Wang JingSun YuguoGuo YanRen YanniTu XuetingZhang Lei - Urban traffic represents a significant source of fine particulate matter (PM), which significantly contributes to ambient air pollution. A growing body of evidence indicates that exposure to PM can adversely affect kidney function, although the detailed molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, we employed RNA sequencing to investigate transcriptomic alterations in renal epithelial cells following PM exposure, aiming to identify key signaling pathways and regulatory factors underlying these cellular responses. Our transcriptomic profiling revealed robust activation of stress- and inflammation-associated pathways, with CSF2 emerging as the most prominently upregulated regulator. Exposure to PM induced increased expression of CSF2, IRF4 and phosphorylated STAT3, collectively promoting processes such as fibrosis, inflammasome activation, autophagy, and cellular senescence. Notably, the targeted silencing of CSF2 significantly reduced these PM-induced effects, underscoring its central role in orchestrating these biological responses. In addition, PM exposure stimulated the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), suggesting that PM may also influence intercellular communication within the renal microenvironment. In a rat model simulating long-term urban PM exposure, we observed clear signs of renal dysfunction and tubular injury, accompanied by elevated CSF2 levels and enhanced expression of markers related to fibrosis, autophagy, cellular senescence and inflammasome activation. These findings highlight CSF2 as a critical mediator linking PM exposure to kidney injury, providing a potential target for therapeutic intervention. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/03/04
Su Ruei-YuChuang Hsiao-ChiZheng Cai-MeiHo Li-JuChen Yi-JieLee Yu-HsuanChiu Hui-Wen - Advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is commonly treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapies. However, patient responses vary, and predictive biomarkers remain limited. Here, we demonstrate that (), which has emerged as an important gene in immunity and drug response, acts as a key enhancer of antitumor immunity in advanced RCC. - Source: PubMed
Okuda YoheiMurai JunkoTakashima TsuyoshiSakamoto NaoyaYoshimura AkihiroTani MasaruHoribe YukiLiu YutongSassi NesrineOka ToshikiUemura ToshihiroYamamoto AkinaruYamamichi GakuIshizuya Y UHayashi TakujiYamamoto YoshiyukiHatano KojiKawashima AtsunariMorii EiichiNonomura NorioKato Taigo - The lack of objective biomarkers and mechanistic understanding of adolescent Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) impedes early diagnosis and targeted intervention. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/01/30
Yang RunxuJiang LinlingPan JunxiLian KunXie YilinHe YiqingHuang ZiyangQi QingqingLu Jin - Sexual dimorphism is found in gene expression and polarization of macrophages in mammals but remains unclear in the ontogeny of tissue-resident macrophages. Remarkable sex differences are present in salivary glands and risks for a related autoimmune disease, Sjögren'sdisease. Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells in healthy mouse salivary glands and essential for the maintenance of immune quiescence and tissue repair after radiation or inflammatory damages. Therefore, we compared the origins of macrophages in salivary glands between male and female mice using conditional Cx3cr1 and Ccr2 lineage-tracing approaches. We found that among salivary gland macrophages in adult mice, most are locally maintained and derived from yolk sac progenitors or perinatal monocytes in males, but much more are short-lived and continuously replenished by monocytes in females. In wild type C57BL/6 mice, female adult submandibular glands (SMGs) consistently contain more leukocytes, including classical monocytes expressing Ccr2, Ly6c, or Csf2rb and macrophages carrying these monocyte markers, as compared with male SMGs. Single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry indicated that female SMG macrophages are more polarized and express several proinflammatory genes at higher levels. Meanwhile, female SMGs contain more innate lymphoid cells and T/NKT cells expressing and other proinflammatory cytokines. The potential contributions of these sexual differences warrant further studies as they relate to Sjögren's disease, the most female-dominant autoimmune disease, characterized by chronic inflammation in salivary and lacrimal glands. Also, these differences need be considered in developing macrophage-targeting therapies of dry mouth caused by autoimmunity or radiation. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/02/11
Zhao QPan SJaiswal JZhang LWang L-TChang EShahsavari AZhang YYu VZheng RChen TLiu F