PAX8 Antibody - C-terminal region (ARP34179_P050)
- Known as:
- PAX8 Antibody - C-terminal region (ARP34179_P050)
- Catalog number:
- arp34179_p050
- Product Quantity:
- USD
- Category:
- -
- Supplier:
- Aviva Systems Biology
- Gene target:
- PAX8 Antibody - C-terminal region (ARP34179_P050)
Related genes to: PAX8 Antibody - C-terminal region (ARP34179_P050)
- Gene:
- PAX8 NIH gene
- Name:
- paired box 8
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- -
- Chromosome:
- 2q14.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1998-11-16
- Date modifiied:
- 2017-07-07
Related products to: PAX8 Antibody - C-terminal region (ARP34179_P050)
Related articles to: PAX8 Antibody - C-terminal region (ARP34179_P050)
- Primary squamous carcinoma of the thyroid is an exceptionally rare malignancy, and its coexistence with poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) is exceedingly uncommon. The pathogenesis of thyroid squamous carcinomas remains controversial, particularly when associated with congenital epithelial remnants such as branchial cleft-like cysts or thymic/ultimobranchial remnants. We report an unusual collision tumor composed of PDTC and intrathyroid thymic carcinoma (ITTC) arising in association with a longstanding cystic thyroid lesion. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/12
Almahari Sayed AliHammad JehadKhan KhalidAlboosta HaneenHusain WoroodAlansari JawaherBarhoom Yusuf - Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) classically presents with progressive dysphagia and weight loss, but atypical presentations may redirect the diagnostic workup before the esophageal primary is identified. We report a case illustrating the simultaneous convergence of three diagnostic pitfalls: absence of dysphagia, bone-predominant metastatic presentation initially managed as carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP), and negative p40 staining in a vertebral biopsy in a patient subsequently confirmed to have invasive mid-esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. A 66-year-old African American man with dementia, active tobacco exposure, and prior alcohol use disorder presented with constipation, abdominal pain, melena, fever, nausea, vomiting, and progressive back pain. Dysphagia or odynophagia was not documented. CT of the abdomen and pelvis demonstrated diffuse lytic osseous metastases. During evaluation and palliation of symptomatic L2 disease, kyphoplasty and radiofrequency ablation were performed, and bilateral core biopsies showed poorly differentiated carcinoma that was AE1/AE3-positive but negative for p40, CK7, CK20, TTF-1, S100, GATA-3, PAX8, and NKX3.1, yielding an initial diagnosis of CUP. Subsequent chest CT revealed esophageal wall thickening with intraluminal debris. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) identified a non-obstructive ulcerated mid-esophageal lesion, and biopsy confirmed invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Poor performance status precluded systemic therapy; palliative external-beam radiation was initiated after diagnosis but discontinued because of clinical deterioration, and the patient transitioned to hospice before passing several weeks after diagnosis. Melena is a gastrointestinal alarm feature, and the combination of gastrointestinal bleeding and an esophageal imaging abnormality warrants timely endoscopic evaluation even when dysphagia is not reported or the symptom history is unreliable. Negative p40 staining in a poorly differentiated, potentially decalcified bone specimen may reflect loss of lineage-marker expression, technical antigen degradation, or both. Tissue or plasma genomic profiling and emerging cell-free DNA methylation classifiers could complement the workup but would not replace direct biopsy of a radiographically suspicious esophageal lesion. In metastatic poorly differentiated carcinoma, lack of documented dysphagia should not exclude an esophageal primary, particularly in patients with cognitive impairment. A p40-negative bone biopsy does not rule out squamous lineage. Timely EGD and integrated clinicopathologic assessment are essential when clinical or imaging findings suggest esophageal involvement. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/21
Brim HassanBajwa WardahBrim AnasAduli FarshadAbdelLatief AmroZafar RabiaLaiyemo Adeyinka OAshktorab Hassan - Differentiated thyroid carcinoma is a morphologic diagnosis, not a direct measure of preserved thyroid function. Although most papillary, follicular, and oncocytic thyroid carcinomas retain architectural or cytologic features of follicular-cell derivation, a clinically important subset loses the molecular machinery required for effective iodine transport, organification, and radioiodine therapy. This functional divergence is central to the biology of radioiodine-indifferent and radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer. This review examines the role of oncogenic signaling as a principal regulator of thyroid lineage suppression and therapeutic failure. Aberrant activation of the axis, most prominently through alterations, and receptor tyrosine kinase fusions, does more than promote proliferation. It reshapes follicular-cell identity by repressing thyroid-lineage transcriptional programs and silencing iodine-handling genes, including , and related components of the iodine metabolic transcriptome. This repression is mediated through coordinated transcriptional, epigenetic, and post-transcriptional mechanisms involving lineage transcription factors such as , and ; chromatin-modifying programs including histone deacetylation and -associated repression; DNA methylation; and non-coding RNA networks. Importantly, -driven functional dedifferentiation is not always a fixed terminal state. Preclinical models and early clinical trials demonstrate that pharmacologic inhibition of the pathway can restore iodine avidity in selected radioiodine-refractory tumors, creating the theranostic basis for redifferentiation therapy. Iodine-124 PET/CT and lesion-level dosimetry have shown that restored iodine uptake can be measured diagnostically and then exploited therapeutically with iodine-131. However, clinical translation remains limited by inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity, incomplete durability of response, adaptive pathway reactivation, persistent epigenetic repression, tumor microenvironmental influences, and the absence of standardized dosimetric thresholds. We propose that advanced follicular-cell-derived thyroid cancers should be understood along a functional differentiation continuum rather than through morphology alone. Within this framework, radioiodine refractoriness reflects not merely treatment failure, but a therapeutically interrogable state of lineage suppression. Refinement of redifferentiation therapy will require genotype-informed patient selection, functional imaging, standardized dosimetry, rational combination strategies, and prospective trials capable of distinguishing true restoration of radioiodine therapeutic efficacy from the antiproliferative effects of kinase inhibition alone. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/20
Ashtari SaraMehrabi Mohammad MGulec Seza A - Breast metastases from extramammary malignancies are rare, and those originating from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are exceptionally uncommon. These lesions often follow an indolent course, delaying recognition until acute, life-threatening complications such as hemorrhagic rupture occur. The lack of standardized management guidelines further impedes timely intervention. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/11
Huang ChengminWang YaqiZhou QiufengJin Qiuchao - Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with fibromyomatous stroma (RCC-FMS) was classified as an "emerging/provisional" entity in the 2016 WHO classification of tumors, specifically categorized as RCC with (vascular) fibromyomatous stroma. However, it was not included in the 2022 WHO classification. Renal cell carcinoma with hemangioblastoma (RCC-HB)-like features has also been reported infrequently in recent years. RCC-HB-like features and fibromyomatous stroma is quite rare, with only two reports in the literature. This report describes a rare tumor of RCC-HB-like features and fibromyomatous stroma associated with TSC1 mutations. A female patient was incidentally discovered a right renal mass during a routine physical examination conducted 2 weeks prior. Histology revealed that the tumor consisted of three distinct components: clear cell papillary renal cell tumor (CCPRCT)-like areas, fibromyomatous stroma, and HB-like areas. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the CCPRCT-like components exhibited basolateral, cup-shaped CAIX staining and were diffusely positive for AE1/AE3, CK7, and PAX-8, partially positive for AMACR/P504S, and weakly positive for CD10. The fibromyomatous stroma was positive for H-caldesmon, desmin, and SMA. In the HB-like components, α-inhibin, ERG, CD34, CAIX, and vimentin were all diffusely positive, CD10 was partially positive, and PAX-8 showed scattered, weak positivity. Whether RCC-HB features and fibromyomatous stroma can be regarded as a distinct subtype of RCC remains to be discussed by accumulation of more cases. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/23
Yao ShiyunHuang JinghuiWang MingfaQuan Chunji