CD152, Clone WKH203, Mab anti_Rat, FITC
- Known as:
- CD152, Clone WKH203, Mab anti_Rat, fluorecein
- Catalog number:
- ACL090F
- Product Quantity:
- 100 µg.
- Category:
- -
- Supplier:
- Accu
- Gene target:
- CD152 Clone WKH203 Mab anti_Rat FITC
Related genes to: CD152, Clone WKH203, Mab anti_Rat, FITC
- Gene:
- CTLA4 NIH gene
- Name:
- cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4
- Previous symbol:
- CELIAC3, IDDM12
- Synonyms:
- CD152, CD, GSE, CTLA-4
- Chromosome:
- 2q33.2
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1989-05-25
- Date modifiied:
- 2019-04-23
Related products to: CD152, Clone WKH203, Mab anti_Rat, FITC
Alkaline Phosphatase Conjugated Affinity Purified anti-Swine IgG (H&L) [Goat] Secondary_Antibodiesα - Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide, α - CGRP, rat'F 4_80 Antigen (mouse) Host Rat'F 4_80 Antigen (mouse) Host Rat(2_Furoyl)_PAR_2 (2_6)_Orn amide (mouse, rat) Salt Trifluoroacetate Binding _ Synonym (2_Furoyl)_LIGRLOamide SumFormula C36H63N11O8(2_Furoyl)_PAR_2 (2_6)_Orn amide (mouse, rat) Salt Trifluoroacetate Binding _ Synonym (2_Furoyl)_LIGRLOamide SumFormula C36H63N11O8(Ala11·22·28)_VIP (human, bovine, porcine, rat) Salt Trifluoroacetate Binding _ Synonym (Ala11·22·28)_Aviptadil SumFormula C139H231N43O39S(Ala11·22·28)_VIP (human, bovine, porcine, rat) Salt Trifluoroacetate Binding _ Synonym (Ala11·22·28)_Aviptadil SumFormula C139H231N43O39S(Ala13)-Apelin-13 (human, bovine, mouse, rat) 98% C63H107N23O16S CAS: 568565-11-7(Ala13)_Apelin_13 (human, bovine, mouse, rat) Salt Trifluoroacetate Binding _ Synonym SumFormula C63H107N23O16S(Ala13)_Apelin_13 (human, bovine, mouse, rat) Salt Trifluoroacetate Binding _ Synonym SumFormula C63H107N23O16S(Ala96)-Myelin Basic Protein (87-99) (human, bovine, rat) 98% C70H110N20O17 CAS:(Ala96)_Myelin Basic Protein (87_99) (human, bovine, rat) Salt _ Binding _ Synonym SumFormula C72H112N20O17(Ala96)_Myelin Basic Protein (87_99) (human, bovine, rat) Salt _ Binding _ Synonym SumFormula C72H112N20O17(Arg6,b_cyclohexyl_Ala8,D_Tic16,Arg17,Cys18)_Atrial Natriuretic Factor (6_18) amide (mouse, rabbit, rat) Salt _ Binding (Disulfide_bond) Synonym A71915 SumFormula C69H116N26O15S2 Related articles to: CD152, Clone WKH203, Mab anti_Rat, FITC
- Melanoma, a malignant tumor originating from melanocytes, accounts for only 4% of all skin cancers but is responsible for 75% of skin cancer-related deaths. In recent years, its incidence has steadily increased. Targeted therapies and immunotherapies have made significant strides, emerging as the most effective treatments for metastatic melanoma. Immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) have become a central component of systemic therapy for advanced melanoma. However, their clinical use is limited by immune-related toxicities, primary and acquired resistance, and marked inter-patient heterogeneity in response. As a result, personalized treatment approaches are urgently needed. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in melanoma immunotherapy, synthesizing findings from existing research and clinical trials. It highlights the progress made in understanding various immune checkpoints in melanoma and the outcomes of clinical trials involving different ICBs. The aim is to inform clinicians and patients about the latest developments in ICBs therapy while underscoring the critical role of personalized medicine in addressing the diverse needs of patients. Ultimately, the research seeks to catalyze further exploration and innovation in melanoma treatment. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/06/05
Zhang QingyanYuan ChunhuiZhu LinZheng ShaobingXu YantaoChe XuanlinXiao ShiyuLiu JuanLiu HongLi HuiChen Xiang - Immunotherapy with a combination of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies has exhibited promising results for the treatment of many kinds of cancers in clinical practice. In the present study, we developed a novel bispecific daibody for simultaneous targeting of PD-1 and CTLA-4 to induce antitumor immunity. The bispecific single-chain diabody was designed on the basis of the amino acid sequences of variable regions of anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 antibodies. After expression in the bacterial system and affinity purification, its binding properties alone or in the presence of PD-1 and CTLA-4 ligands were evaluated by flow cytometry. The expected molecular weight of the full-length His-tagged protein was approximately 55 kDa, which was confirmed by SDS‒PAGE analysis and western blotting analysis. The bispecific diabody could selectively bind to cells expressing PD-1 and CTLA-4 and inhibit PD-1/PD-L1 and CD86/CTLA-4 interactions. This novel protein significantly increased IL-2 and IFN-γ secretion in a dose-dependent manner in T-cell activation experiments. Furthermore, it reversed the suppressive effect of PD-L1 on ConA-stimulated PBMCs. The diabody also led to a significant increase in T-cell proliferation and cytokine release in the MLR assay. This bispecific diabody can be considered a promising checkpoint inhibitor candidate, although more in vitro and in vivo biological function evaluations still need to be performed. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/06/05
Ghoreishi MohammadEsmaeil NafisehAkbari VajiheAbbaspour Maryam - Prostate cancer (PCa) is a heterogeneous cancer. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) within the tumor microenvironment play a pivotal role in promoting immune evasion and disease progression. This review systematically outlines the development, functional characteristics and regulatory networks of Tregs in this environment. Synthesis of recent spatial transcriptomic and single‑cell RNA‑sequencing data revealed that the functional heterogeneity and spatial distribution of Tregs within the tumor stroma, rather than their absolute abundance alone, are critical determinants of immune evasion. For instance, a high stromal density of Tregs is associated with a >2‑fold increased risk of biochemical recurrence, and an activated, highly suppressive Treg subset predominates in high‑Gleason score tumors. The impact of current and emerging therapeutic strategies, including monoclonal antibody‑based and combination immunotherapies, on Treg function, was critically evaluated. The present analysis indicates that while anti‑cytotoxic T‑lymphocyte‑associated protein (CTLA)‑4 monotherapy has failed to show a survival benefit in Phase III trials for metastatic castration‑resistant PCa, fragment crystallizable‑enhanced anti‑CTLA‑4 antibodies achieve up to 50% intratumoral Treg depletion in preclinical models. The rationale for targeting specific Treg subsets was highlighted, such as C‑C motif chemokine receptor 4+ and glycoprotein‑A repetitions predominant+ and integrating Treg‑directed approaches with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or radiotherapy to mitigate treatment‑induced Treg expansion (e.g., ADT can increase intratumoral Tregs by 30‑40%). Existing challenges and prospects for the clinical translation of Treg‑targeting approaches were also discussed, emphasizing the need for patient stratification guided by Treg‑related biomarkers. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/06/05
Luo Hua - Programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitors and cytotoxic Lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors are the core classes of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) widely used in cancer treatment. These agents, including PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA4 inhibitors, have demonstrated efficacy across multiple cancer types, enhancing progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). However, their use is associated with immune related adverse events (irAEs) that can manifest as skin rashes, hepatitis, diarrhea, colitis, hypopituitarism, and pneumonitis, among other conditions. In this systematic review, we discuss the safety and efficacy of ICIs based on 15 randomized controlled trials and cohort studies that met our eligibility criteria. All selected studies focused on analysing primary clinical outcomes including OS, PFS, objective response rate (ORR), and irAEs. These findings demonstrate that ICIs offer durable antitumor activity with favourable outcomes observed in patients with high tumour mutational burden (TMB) and PD-L1 expression. However, toxicity remains a significant concern, as some reports show substantial adverse events requiring immunosuppressive management. While PD-L1 expression and TMB are established biomarkers for predicting ICI response, their role in predicting immune-related adverse events remains investigational and is not supported by robust evidence. This review further examines combination strategies, including dual checkpoint blockade and ICI combined with chemotherapy, which have demonstrated superior clinical outcomes compared with monotherapy but are associated with increased toxicity. Future research should focus on refining patient selection criteria, optimizing toxicity management protocols, and identifying novel predictive biomarkers for ICI therapy. Understanding these aspects will facilitate the development of more effective ICI-based treatments with improved benefit-to-risk ratios, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes in oncology. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/20
Ismail HebatallaHassan Anees - Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (GEA) is an aggressive, HPV-independent malignancy with a poor prognosis. Cadonilimab, a bispecific antibody targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4, has shown promising efficacy in advanced cervical cancer but may increase the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including rare multiorgan involvement. Reports of sequential, multiorgan irAEs involving the urinary tract and endocrine system following cadonilimab therapy, as well as subsequent successful rechallenge, are exceedingly rare. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/20
Peng ZhanYang JiaJinLi HuanLei WuGangYang HaiYanLiu XueWen