Rat Interleukin 9,IL-9 ELISA KIT
- Known as:
- Rat Interleukin 9,Interleukin-9 Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test KIT
- Catalog number:
- csb-e07294r
- Product Quantity:
- USD
- Category:
- -
- Supplier:
- Cusabio Elisa
- Gene target:
- Rat Interleukin 9 IL-9 ELISA KIT
Related genes to: Rat Interleukin 9,IL-9 ELISA KIT
- Gene:
- IL9 NIH gene
- Name:
- interleukin 9
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- IL-9, HP40, P40
- Chromosome:
- 5q31.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1990-06-11
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-10-05
Related products to: Rat Interleukin 9,IL-9 ELISA KIT
Related articles to: Rat Interleukin 9,IL-9 ELISA KIT
- Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic airway disease predominantly driven by type 2 inflammation. The functional effects of classic type 2 cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13, have been extensively characterized. In contrast, the precise positioning of IL-9 within the asthmatic inflammatory network remains less clearly defined. Once viewed mainly as a T cell and mast cell growth factor, IL-9 is now recognized as a pleiotropic cytokine produced by diverse innate and adaptive immune cells, including Th9 cells and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). This review summarizes the expanding cellular sources of IL-9 and delineates its effector networks targeting immune and airway structural cells, highlighting its role as a context-dependent immune amplifier that may contribute to mucus hypersecretion, inflammatory persistence, and airway remodeling in specific disease contexts. We also dissect the spatiotemporal and endotype-specific roles of IL-9, ranging from early ILC2-associated innate inflammation and chronic Th9-associated remodeling processes to recall responses triggered by tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells and mixed Th2/Th17 inflammation linked to steroid resistance. While preclinical models indicate that IL-9 blockade can mitigate specific inflammatory phenotypes, its therapeutic efficacy is highly context-dependent. Consequently, clinical trials have demonstrated variable efficacy in broadly selected populations, largely due to cytokine redundancy and disease heterogeneity. Future translational strategies may benefit from focusing on precision interventions within biomarker-defined endotypes and mechanistically complementary combination strategies. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/21
Zhao WenboHe RuiHuang YanTu JiajieWang Xinming - Interleukin-9 (IL-9) has primarily been associated with type 2 immunity in health and disease. While its impact on innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) is well known, the cellular targets and mechanisms underlying type 2 immunity remain incompletely understood. In this study, we report the generation of a mouse-specific anti-IL-9 receptor (IL-9R) antibody, enabling us to accurately map IL-9R protein expression across various immune cell types. In naïve mice, IL-9R was detectable in ILC2s, marginal zone B cells, and B1b cells. In allergic lung inflammation, a subset of CD4 T cells faintly upregulated IL-9R, whereas DCs, macrophages, eosinophils, and neutrophils remained IL-9R-negative. Functionally, IL-9R was found to significantly contribute to ILC2 expansion, their effector cytokine production, and eosinophilia in the papain asthma model. However, in the context of acute and chronic HDM exposure, IL-9R was dispensable for both allergic lung inflammation and CD4-dependent memory-type 2 responses. Using mixed bone marrow chimeras in which IL-9R is selectively absent in T cells, we confirmed that IL-9R signaling in T cells does not critically impact chronic Th2 and Th17 responses. Lastly, using mice selectively lacking ILC2s, we demonstrate that this population is the culprit of pathological type 2 immunity in the lung in both papain- and acute HDM-induced asthma models. Together, our results establish that IL-9 is a critical regulator of ILC2-dependent type 2 immunity, while its effects on T cell-dependent responses are minimal. These findings provide a foundation for future studies exploring the therapeutic modulation of IL-9 signaling in allergy and other inflammatory diseases. - Source: PubMed
Sidiropoulos Nikolaos DAmpenberger FranziskaSchlapbach ChristophSchneider ChristophKopf Manfred - Atopic dermatitis (AD) often develops in early childhood and may persist into adulthood. Noninvasive measures to identify infants at risk for AD are limited. We investigated whether oral biomarkers and oral microbiota are associated with AD onset within the first 2 years of life. - Source: PubMed
Alomeir NoraChinchilli EllenTerio ChloeZhang LanxinBeck Lisa AAssery NasserMao XinyueWolf Julie RyanXiao JinWu TongTong - As part of a programme developing human-relevant new approach methodologies (NAMs) for next-generation risk assessment (NGRA), we utilised a human air-liquid interface (ALI) bronchial epithelial model (MucilAir™) to assess epithelial responses to nebulised protease exposure. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/07
Hopkins GeorginaSheffield DavidBarlow HughLalljie AnjaJames VictoriaCochrane StellaFairclough Lucy C - Understanding how different COVID-19 vaccine combinations shape long-term immunity is essential for improving durability and guiding booster strategies. Despite extensive characterization of neutralizing antibodies, long-term memory B and T cell responses after homologous and heterologous vaccination regimens remain poorly understood. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/06
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