Ask about this productRelated genes to: SPANXE antibody
- Gene:
- SPANXD NIH gene
- Name:
- SPANX family member D
- Previous symbol:
- SPANXE
- Synonyms:
- CT11.4
- Chromosome:
- Xq27.2
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 2001-01-03
- Date modifiied:
- 2015-11-18
Related products to: SPANXE antibody
Related articles to: SPANXE antibody
- Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive malignant neoplasm with an increasing need for precision therapeutics. Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) represent promising targets given their aberrant tumor expression and otherwise localized expression to immune-privileged tissues with no (testis-restricted) or minimal (testis-selective) expression in other human body sites. Despite their potential, limited studies rigorously evaluate CTAs as therapeutic targets in HNSCC. - Source: PubMed
Memon Abdullah AAwan Musaddiq JEspinosa Oscar VillarrealKuehn RachelFrei AnneFoeckler JamieBruening JenniferAkakpo KennethMassey BeckyStadler MichaelWong StuartHimburg Heather AZenga Joseph - Genes that are normally biased towards expression in the testis are often induced in tumor cells. These gametogenic genes, known as cancer-testis antigens (CTAs), have been extenstively investigated as targets for immunotherapy. However, despite their frequent detection, the degree to which CTAs support neoplastic invasion is poorly understood. Here, we find that the CTA genes SPANX-A/C/D and CTAG2 are coordinately induced in breast cancer cells and regulate distinct features of invasive behavior. Our functional analysis revealed that CTAG2 interacts with Pericentrin at the centrosome and is necessary for directional migration. Conversely, SPANX-A/C/D interacts with Lamin A/C at the inner nuclear membrane and is required for the formation of actin-rich cellular protrusions that reorganize the extracellular matrix. Importantly, SPANX-A/C/D was required for breast cancer cells to spontaneously metastasize to the lung, demonstrating that CTA reactivation can be critical for invasion dependent phenotypes in vivo. Moreover, elevated SPANX-A/C/D expression in breast cancer patient tumors correlated with poor outcome. Together, our results suggest that distinct CTAs promote tumor progression by regulating complementary cellular functions that are integrated together to induce invasive behavior. - Source: PubMed
Maine Erin AWestcott Jill MPrechtl Amanda MDang Tuyen TWhitehurst Angelique WPearson Gray W - Testicular embryonal carcinoma (EC) is a major subtype of non-seminomatous germ cell tumours in males. Embryonal carcinomas are pluripotent, undifferentiated germ cell tumours believed to originate from primordial germ cells. Epigenetic changes during testicular EC tumorigenesis require better elucidation. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2015/12/01
Cheung Hoi-HungYang YanzhouLee Tin-LapRennert OwenChan Wai-Yee - Previous genetic linkage studies identified a locus for susceptibility to prostate cancer called HPCX at Xq27. The candidate region contains two clusters of SPANX genes. The first cluster called SPANX-A/D includes SPANX-A1, SPANX-A2, SPANX-B, SPANX-C, and SPANX-D; the second cluster called SPANX-N includes SPANX-N1, SPANX-N2, SPANX-N3, and SPANX-N4. The SPANX genes encode cancer-testis (CT) specific antigens. Previous studies identified SPANX-B and SPANX-D variants produced by gene conversion events, none of which are associated with X-linked prostate cancer. - Source: PubMed
Kouprina NatalayNoskov Vladimir NSolomon GregOtstot JohnIsaacs WilliamXu JianfengSchleutker JohannaLarionov Vladimir - Human sperm protein associated with the nucleus on the X chromosome consists of a five-member gene family (SPANXA1, SPANXA2, SPANXB, SPANXC and SPANXD) clustered at Xq27.1. Evolved from an ancestral SPANX-N gene family (at Xq27 and Xp11) present in all primates as well as in rats and mice, the SPANXA/D family is present only in humans, bonobos, chimpanzees and gorillas. Among hominoid-specific genes, the SPANXA/D gene family is considered to be undergoing rapid positive selection in its coding region. In this study, RT-PCR of human testis mRNA from individuals showed that, although all SPANXA/D genes are expressed in humans, differences are evident. In particular, SPANXC is expressed only in a subset of men. The SPANXa/d protein localized to the nuclear envelope of round, condensing and elongating spermatids, specifically to regions that do not underlie the developing acrosome. During spermiogenesis, the SPANXa/d-positive domain migrated into the base of the head as the redundant nuclear envelope that protrudes into the residual cytoplasm. Post-testicular modification of the SPANXa/d proteins was noted, as were PEST (proline, glutamic acid, serine, and threonine rich regions) domains. It is concluded that the duplication of the SPANX-N gene family that occurred 6-11 MYA resulted in a new gene family, SPANXA/D, that plays a role during spermiogenesis. The SPANXa/d gene products are among the few examples of X-linked nuclear proteins expressed following meiosis. Their localization to non-acrosomal domains of the nuclear envelope adjacent to regions of euchromatin and their redistribution to the redundant nuclear envelope during spermiogenesis provide a biomarker for the redundant nuclear envelope of spermatids and spermatozoa. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2006/09/29
Westbrook V ASchoppee P DVanage G RKlotz K LDiekman A BFlickinger C JCoppola M AHerr J C