Ask about this productRelated genes to: SIX4 antibody
- Gene:
- SIX4 NIH gene
- Name:
- SIX homeobox 4
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- AREC3
- Chromosome:
- 14q23.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 2001-06-22
- Date modifiied:
- 2014-11-18
Related products to: SIX4 antibody
Related articles to: SIX4 antibody
- Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a fatal cardiovascular emergency with high mortality within 48 hours. Elucidating molecular mechanisms and identifying reliable biomarkers are essential for improving diagnosis and guiding targeted interventions. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/01/14
Wang ZhongWang YixianTang DianjunGang QingweiShen ShikaiWei HongmingZhao DongwenZhang Jian - Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant thoracic malignancy known for acquired chemoresistance, early metastatic spread, and poor overall survival. Lurbinectedin, a DNA minor groove alkylating agent, provides durable efficacy in a minority. Predictive biomarkers for lurbinectedin are needed. Patients with relapsed SCLC who received lurbinectedin (n=16) were classified by cycles received, including eight durable responders defined as ≥8 cycles (average, 14.75 cycles; median PFS, 9.8 months). Pretreatment specimens were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for SLFN11 and tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled expression proteomics. Top candidates were confirmed by IHC and functionally validated in SCLC cell lines. SLFN11 failed to predict lurbinectedin response (P = 0.40). Proteomics highlighted a primitive neuroendocrine pathway (ISL1, SOX5, SIX1, SIX4). ISL1 expression significantly correlated with lurbinectedin response (r = 0.65, P = 0.0351). IHC confirmed lurbinectedin reduced ISL1 post-treatment. Lurbinectedin preferentially induced DNA damage in ISL1 "high" SCLC (P <0.0001) without causing neuroendocrine subtype switching. RNA sequencing showed downregulation of ISL1, RBMS3, ASCL1, SOX5, SIX1, and upregulation of ATF3. ISL1 "high" SCLC demonstrated cellular dependency on ISL1; ISL1 knockdown reduced lurbinectedin sensitivity. L-MYC positively regulated ISL1, while ISL1 positively regulated ASCL1 and SOX5. This is the first comprehensive investigation of predictive biomarkers for lurbinectedin. Proteomics identified ISL1 as defining a novel SCLC subtype with enhanced lurbinectedin sensitivity. ISL1 serves as both a predictive biomarker and functional dependency, as evidenced by essentiality for cell survival and loss following treatment. Prospective studies using ISL1 as a predictive biomarker for lurbinectedin are planned. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/01/26
Shields Misty DMinton Katherine GOzakinci HilalZhou TianhaoTerry Olivia CKumar PareshAkel ReemGirard LucMinna John DBoyle Theresa AKoomen John MShafique Michael - The larva of the sleeping chironomid, Polypedilum vanderplanki, is the only insect capable of extreme desiccation tolerance, known as anhydrobiosis. The larvae can survive near-complete desiccation and, upon rehydration, rapidly resume metabolism and return to their normal life cycle. Activation of genes involved in antioxidant activity, protection of biomolecules, and DNA repair is required for desiccation tolerance. In the desiccation-tolerant P. vanderplanki cell line Pv11, the key factors of the regulatory network for these genes are heat shock factor (Hsf) and nuclear transcription factor Y subunit C (NF-YC). However, how desiccation tolerance is established at the whole-body level remains unknown. To unravel the dynamic response to desiccation at this level, it is necessary to clarify which molecules need to function for desiccation tolerance and when. Here, we newly acquired and analyzed detailed time-series gene expression data to reveal the regulatory mechanisms underlying the transition to an ametabolic state during desiccation. We showed that the acquisition of desiccation tolerance requires the expression of a number of desiccation-inducible genes in a specific order. This order can be explained by a gene regulatory network triggered by nuclear transcription factor Y subunit A (NF-YA) and Sine oculis-related homeobox 4 (Six4). To our knowledge, this is the first report that desiccation tolerance is related to stepwise changes in gene expression in response to desiccation. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/01/10
Hiki YusukeYamada Takahiro GCornette RichardGusev OlegShagimardanova ElenaKikawada TakahiroFunahashi Akira - During development, blood generation begins in the yolk sac with the differentiation of haemato-endothelial mesoderm forming haematopoietic progenitors. This study aims to identify the crucial molecular regulators of haemato-endothelial mesoderm formation and to extend our knowledge of the process in an unbiased way. We employ a murine embryonic stem cell model that recapitulates embryonic blood development, and perform targeted CRISPR-Cas9 knock out screens focusing on transcription factors and chromatin regulators. We identify the transcription factors ETV2, LDB1, SMAD1, SIX4 and ZBTB7b as regulators of haemato-endothelial mesoderm commitment. Embryonic stem cells lacking these regulators give rise to mesodermal subsets with a defined lineage differentiation bias, while transcriptome analysis of these cells uncovers the precise impact of each factor on gene expression in the developing mesoderm. Our study reveals molecular pathways governing mesodermal development crucial to allow endothelial and haematopoietic lineage specification and paves the way for future advances in haematopoietic stem cell applications. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/12/13
Teske MichaelWertheimer TobiasButz StefanZwicky PascaleMallona IzaskunNopper Svenja LMünz ChristianElling UlrichLancrin ChristopheBecher BurkhardGrosso Ana RitaBaubec TuncaySchmolka Nina - The utilization of Bacillus spp. as eco-compatible bioresources represented a promising strategy in antifungal biotechnology. In this study, Bacillus subtilis Bs-06, isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy tomato plants, exhibited strong antagonistic activity through the secretion of diverse bioactive metabolites. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of its culture extract identified ten major compounds, including Phenol-3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl), palmitic acid, oleic acid, and octadecanoic acid, which had been widely reported for antimicrobial efficacy. To investigate their Molecular Docking targeted the key virulence proteins of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici Cutinase (5AJH), Avr1/SIX4 (7T6A), and Avr3/SIX1 (7T69). Docking simulations revealed strong binding affinities, with Phenol-3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) showing the highest interaction energy (- 11.53 kcal/mol) against Avr3. The ligand-protein complexes were stabilized by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, suggesting potential inhibition of pathogen virulence functions. Normal mode analysis further demonstrated differential flexibility among protein-ligand complexes, where Avr1 exhibited the highest conformational mobility, while Cutinase displayed the greatest structural rigidity. These findings established Bs-06 as a valuable source of antifungal metabolites capable of targeting virulence determinants at the molecular level. The integration of GC-MS profiling, molecular docking, and dynamic simulations underscored the potential of Bacillus derived metabolites as sustainable biocontrol agents for managing Fusarium wilt in tomato. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/11/08
Vigneshwaran KRajamohan KBalabaskar PSivasakthivelan PReddy N H Shankar