Ask about this productRelated genes to: SOS1 antibody
- Gene:
- SOS1 NIH gene
- Name:
- SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1
- Previous symbol:
- GINGF
- Synonyms:
- HGF, GF1
- Chromosome:
- 2p22.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1993-10-27
- Date modifiied:
- 2019-04-23
Related products to: SOS1 antibody
Related articles to: SOS1 antibody
- Dysregulation of the RAS-mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathway underlies RASopathies, a family of neurodevelopmental disorders associated with variable cancer predisposition. However, the prevalence and spectrum of solid tumours and the contribution of specific variants to tumour susceptibility remain poorly defined. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/09
Trevisan ValentinaViscogliosi GermanaPerri LucreziaRitarossi ChiaraCerza FrancescoPastorino RobertaPomponi Maria GraziaOnesimo RobertaGiorgio ValentinaDe Angelis RobertaBisanti CristianRigante DonatoFlex ElisabettaRuggiero AntonioGenuardi MaurizioTartaglia MarcoZampino GiuseppeMartinelli SimoneLeoni Chiara - The present study examines (1) the prevalence of learning difficulties; (2) correlates and predictors of academic achievement; and (3) explores IQ minus academic achievement distributions across different Noonan Syndrome spectrum and related genetic variants (NSSD). IQ, academic achievement, executive function, and attention performance-based and/or caregiver-rated measures were completed across two samples of youth with Noonan Syndrome, spectrum, and related disorders (NSSD; = 123) and unaffected youth ( = 172). Youth with NSSD had significantly lower scores on all academic achievement measures than the unaffected group with large effects. Executive skills (e.g., processing speed, working memory, inhibitory control) were significant predictors of academic skills in addition to whether a participant has NSSD, and together they accounted for ~1/3-1/2 of the variability in academic scores. Exploratory analyses revealed significantly skewed IQ-Achievement distributions in the and Other Variant groups, but not group, as compared to the unaffected youth. Between one fifth and one half of youth with NSSD are estimated to meet criteria for Specific Learning Disorder. Clinicians and educational settings should conduct rigorous, frequent screening of academic difficulties of youth with NSSD to intervene as early as feasible with appropriate services. Executive skills, especially working memory, processing speed, and cognitive flexibility, play a contributory role to difficulties with academics in NSSD, and should also be supported with targeted interventions. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/08
Pardej Sara KPlank Julia RGreen Tamar - Structural neuroimaging in youth with RASopathies has shown alterations in total brain volume (TBV) and subcortical structures. However, whether these subcortical differences scale proportionately with TBV or follow nonlinear allometric relationships remains unclear, limiting accurate interpretation of neuroanatomical findings and their relevance to cognition. Using an allometric framework, this study aimed to determine whether (1) subcortical volumes exhibit deviations from normative scaling in RASopathies and (2) methods used to account for TBV influence the detection of subcortical volume alterations. We examined youth with RASopathies (N=133), including Neurofibromatosis Type-1 (NF1, N=27), Noonan Syndrome (NS, N=100; : 72, : 22, : 6), and Noonan Syndrome with Multiple Lentigines (NSML, N=5), compared to 80 age- and sex-matched controls. Subcortical volumes were analyzed using an allometric framework, compared with linear TBV correction methods (normalization and covariation), and explored in sex-stratified analyses. Allometric analyses revealed deviations from normative scaling in the thalamus for NF1; the caudate, putamen, ventral striatum, and pallidum for ; and the ventral striatum for No significant deviations were observed for NSML or Exploratory sex-stratified analyses suggested similar directional scaling patterns across sexes, with greater deviations in females, although subgroup sizes were small. Comparisons across correction methods demonstrated that linear approaches may overestimate regional differences, whereas thalamic alterations in NF1 and striatal alterations in were consistent across methods, suggesting robust, region-specific genetic effects beyond scaling. These findings highlight genotype-specific deviations from normative allometric scaling and underscore the importance of nonlinear scaling frameworks to accurately characterize neuroanatomical differences in RASopathies. Neurofibromatosis Type-1 and Noonan spectrum disorders are associated with atypical brain size, yet most neuroimaging studies rely on linear correction methods that assume proportional brain scaling. Regional brain allometry poses an important but underappreciated methodological challenge for accurately characterizing neuroanatomical differences in these conditions. Here, we apply a normative allometric framework that reveals gene- and sex-specific deviations in subcortical scaling that are potentially overestimated by linear correction approaches. These findings refine the interpretation of brain structure differences in RASopathies and demonstrate the need to account for nonlinear scaling in neurodevelopmental research. Incorporating allometric approaches will improve the biological specificity of neuroimaging markers and inform future efforts toward personalized assessment and intervention. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/08
McGhee-Deakin Chloe ARusso OdeyaPlank Julia RGreen Tamar - The Dong Tao Chicken has garnered widespread attention owing to its hallmark trait of remarkably thick shanks. However, the genetic mechanisms and molecular basis underlying this unique phenotype remain largely elusive to date. We carried out crossbreeding trials, performed genome-wide association study (GWAS), and completed transcriptome sequencing of leg tissues. Crossbreeding experiments confirmed that the thick-leg trait of Dong Tao chickens is polygenically controlled. Furthermore, GWAS analysis on the F₂ segregating population screened NAKIN3 as a key candidate gene associated with this trait. Transcriptomic results indicated that tarsometatarsal skin acts as the primary tissue regulating shank circumference growth. Moreover, ACTB was recognized as a core gene driving dermal thickening of the tarsometatarsus. By interacting with IRF family members, TLR4, SOS1, IFNG, STAT family members, EGF and other molecules, ACTB participates in multiple Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways including the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway to coordinately modulate dermal thickening in the tarsometatarsal skin of Dong Tao chickens. This study identifies key loci and genes governing shank development, offering theoretical basis and genetic resources for dissecting molecular mechanisms and selective breeding of Dong Tao chickens. Nevertheless, these preliminary findings need to be further verified by expanding the experimental population and sample size, together with additional independent validation experiments. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/03
Ren XufangZhao XiurongJiang XiaoyuZuo DengjingChen TairanWang GangZhang XinyeQu Lujiang - Rice (Oryza sativa L.) feeds half of humanity, yet its cultivation is increasingly threatened by soil salinization, which now affects 1.4 billion hectares globally. Decades of breeding and engineering have focused on Na exclusion, principally through the Saltol QTL and the xylem-unloading transporter OsHKT1;5, yet this strategy has reached a physiological ceiling. Excluder genotypes survive salinity but fail to fill grain, because the ATP-intensive cost of continuous ion extrusion starves reproductive sinks, while ABA-mediated stomatal closure imposes chronic carbon limitation. The resulting "survival-yield gap" exposes a fundamental flaw in single-trait approaches to a polygenic stress. In this review, we argue that durable, yield-stable salt tolerance requires a coordinated systems-level intervention spanning five mechanistic tiers: (i) CRISPR/Cas9-mediated removal of negative regulatory brakes (OsRR22, RST1, PC1) that suppress plant's latent stress-adaptive capacity; (ii) reinforcement of actin-myosin cytoskeletal transport to sustain SOS1, NHX1, and HKT1;5 delivery under ionic stress; (iii) importation of halophyte design principles from Oryza coarctata, including salt gland architecture and superior Na compartmentalization; (iv) recalibration of the ROS-photosynthesis axis via the DHHC09-STRK1-CatC molecular switch and stomatal density engineering; and (v) pyramiding these modules into a "Salt-Shield Rice" genotype through multiplex editing, marker-assisted introgression, speed breeding, and genomic selection. We propose a phased ten-year roadmap that integrates synthetic biology circuit design with conventional breeding to deliver field-ready, multi-module varieties with greater than 70% yield stability at 8-10 dS m. This remains an aspirational design target rather than a demonstrated outcome, as three of the five tiers-halophyte-derived structural traits, cytoskeletal reinforcement, and full multi-module pyramiding-remain unvalidated in rice. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/01
Bulle MalleshamKondi Ravi Kiran ReddyRahman Md MezanurSharma MansiRana PrabhatChaudhary ChanderkantSubudhi Prasanta K