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Related articles to: c-Cbl antibody
- - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/27
Wang YuxinLi LuQu FanqiHua TaoChen ChuYang LuJiang RongLiu XuankeCheng PuMin HongxiaoWang YixiangPan XiuchengSun DexuTang RenxianLiu RuyuYou HongjuanKong Fanyun - Robust microalgal activity is critical for the microalgal-bacterial symbiosis system (MBSS) to enable wastewater resource recovery, but microalgal performance can be affected by high concentrations of sludge. Ca may regulate microalgal performance. Nevertheless, the mechanism of Ca-mediated regulation, particularly under high concentrations of sludge, remains unclear. This study integrated physiological and genomic analyses to investigate microalgal responses to sludge (100-800 mg/L) and Ca supplementation (10-50 mM). Results showed that high-concentration sludge (400-800 mg/L) reduced microalgal growth, pigment synthesis, and photosynthetic efficiency by 65.6%-86.6%, 20.1%-39.2%, and 1.6%-7.0%, respectively, while Ca restored these parameters by up to 39.9%, 39.7%, and 8.5%. At the genetic level, Ca activated microalgal Ca signaling pathways (43.9%-226.4% increase in CaM, CDPK, and CBL). It upregulated antioxidant enzyme genes (76.1%-373.0% increase in SOD, CAT, and POD) to mitigate cell damage and photosynthetic genes (e.g. 95.0%-260.9% increase in psbA and rbcL) to restore chloroplast function. Concurrently, Ca promoted bacterial central carbon metabolism genes (e.g., 1.6%-26.2% increase in CS, IDH and OGDH) to increase CO release for microalgal carbon fixation and recruited siderophore-producing bacteria (e.g., 120.6%-154.3% increase in Sphingopyxis) to improve iron bioavailability for microalgal photosynthesis. Therefore, a positive feedback loop was formed through the supplementation of Ca. Microalgal photosynthesis supplied organic carbon/O for bacteria, while bacterial metabolism provided CO and iron for microalgae. Collectively, Ca optimized microalgal activity via cross-kingdom coordination of carbon-iron metabolism, offering a mechanistic basis for optimizing MBSS applications in wastewater treatment and biological resource recovery by using Ca as an effective regulator. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/25
Zhang YiYang XinyueLiu XudongFeng JiaXie ShulianLv Junping - Medical education is shifting from traditional lectures toward active, learner-centered approaches. Although case-based learning (CBL) is widely used, there is limited practical guidance on how to implement structured, scalable Case-Based Resource Sessions (CBRS) as a faculty-guided alternative to both lectures and resource-intensive problem-based learning (PBL). - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/16
Tobón Gabriel J - Medical education requires continuous improvements in teaching methods to ensure higher-quality learning outcomes for students. Case-Based Learning (CBL) has gained attention as an innovative method to enhance student engagement and achievement motivation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of CBL on the achievement motivation of medical students. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/10/20
Barry AzizehSohrabi ZohrehNourbakhsh MitraZhianifard AkramNorouzi AzamBarry MonireRamezanpour ElhamNouri Khaneghah ZahraMirzaee Zahra - Medical students often struggle with understanding renal pathology due to its histological complexity and abstract clinical correlations. Traditional teaching approaches that rely on didactic lectures and static microscopy images frequently fail to engage learners or promote deep understanding. The emergence of digital pathology (DP) and artificial intelligence (AI) tools has opened new possibilities in medical education, especially in visual disciplines like pathology. Concurrently, case-based learning (CBL) and flipped classroom strategies are gaining traction for fostering active, clinically relevant learning. This perspective article proposes an integrated educational model that combines AI-powered DP with case-based teaching to enhance renal disease education for medical students. We discuss how AI-assisted whole slide imaging (WSI) platforms can support interactive exploration of renal lesions and simulate diagnostic reasoning. We also present a conceptual framework for a case-based flipped classroom (CBFC) approach that leverages annotated slides, clinical cases and active discussions. This hybrid model has the potential to improve student engagement, diagnostic accuracy and readiness for modern DP practice while also aligning with competency-based medical education principles. We outline benefits, implementation considerations and future directions for research and curriculum design. - Source: PubMed
Zhou HuaCui Li