Ask about this productRelated genes to: IL1b protein
- Gene:
- IL1B NIH gene
- Name:
- interleukin 1 beta
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- IL1F2, IL-1B, IL1-BETA
- Chromosome:
- 2q14.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1989-03-31
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-10-05
Related products to: IL1b protein
Related articles to: IL1b protein
- Atherosclerotic plaque progression is shaped by coordinated inflammatory and remodeling programs involving immune cells and vascular wall cells. Inflammatory macrophage activation and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic remodeling are central features of human atherosclerosis, but their transcriptomic relationships during plaque progression remain incompletely characterized. This study integrated single-cell and bulk transcriptomic datasets to examine highly inflammatory macrophage states, VSMC remodeling-related transcriptional programs, and candidate ligand-receptor expression patterns in human atherosclerotic plaques. Human atherosclerotic plaque single-cell RNA sequencing data from GSE260657 and bulk transcriptomic data from GSE28829 were analyzed. After quality control, 7628 cells were retained for single-cell analysis. Major cell types were annotated using canonical markers, followed by reclustering of macrophages and VSMC-related cells. Functional module scoring, differential expression analysis, Gene Ontology biological process enrichment, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were performed to characterize macrophage transcriptional states. Slingshot was applied to infer VSMC pseudotime ordering. CellChat and NicheNet were used to prioritize candidate ligand-receptor expression patterns and ligand-associated VSMC target gene programs. External bulk transcriptomic analysis was performed to examine whether single-cell-derived inflammatory and remodeling signatures were represented at the tissue-transcriptome level during plaque progression. Macrophage reclustering identified a highly inflammatory macrophage state characterized by prominent inflammatory activation, cytokine-response, and stress-response features. Genes upregulated in this population were enriched in pathways related to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) response, nuclear factor kappa B signaling, leukocyte activation, cytokine signaling, lipid and atherosclerosis, toll-like receptor signaling, and inflammasome-associated inflammation. VSMC reclustering revealed contractile VSMCs, PTHLH+ synthetic VSMCs, KRT7+ VSMC-like cells, interferon-responsive VSMCs, pericyte-like mural cells, and osteogenic/modulated VSMCs. Pseudotime analysis showed a broad contractile-to-osteogenic/modulated transcriptional continuum accompanied by increased expression of remodeling-associated genes and selected inflammatory or remodeling-associated receptor genes. CellChat and NicheNet analyses prioritized candidate ligand-receptor and ligand-associated target gene expression patterns involving SPP1-CD44, TNF-TNFRSF1A, IL1B-IL1R1/IL1RAP, MIF-ACKR3, PDGFB-PDGFRB, and FN1-SDC1/ITGB1. In GSE28829, inflammatory macrophage-, osteogenic/modulated VSMC-, candidate ligand-receptor expression-, SPP1-CD44 candidate axis-, and NicheNet-prioritized target program-related signatures were more prominent in advanced plaques and were positively correlated with each other. This integrative transcriptomic analysis identified a highly inflammatory macrophage state and a VSMC remodeling continuum in human atherosclerotic plaques. Candidate ligand-receptor and ligand-associated target gene expression patterns linked inflammatory macrophage activation with osteogenic/modulated VSMC remodeling at the computational level. External bulk data further showed coordinated enrichment of inflammatory and remodeling signatures in advanced plaques. These findings provide a descriptive and hypothesis-generating transcriptomic framework for understanding inflammatory macrophage activation and VSMC remodeling in human atherosclerosis. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/03
Dong XinyuHu XuesongLiu QiDong YuhaoXuan YanWang MuningChang SiyaoLu TianyiHan Zhiyang - Neutrophils serve host defense through phagocytic activity in acute kidney injury. However, excessive neutrophil activation drives tissue damage during systemic inflammation. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) has been reported to regulate neutrophil function in inflammatory conditions, but it remains unclear how NLRP3 modulates neutrophil function in the kidney. We investigated the role of NLRP3 in regulating neutrophil phagocytic activity and infiltration in the kidney. knockout (KO) and KO/lysozyme M-GFP mice were analyzed by time-lapse imaging and intravital imaging under naïve and LPS-treated conditions. KO neutrophils exhibited enhanced motility and phagocytic activity against pHrodo particles. The enhanced phagocytic activity was confirmed at both cellular and tissue levels in deficient kidneys . deficient kidneys showed increased neutrophil infiltration accompanied by upregulation of and and downregulation of and under naïve and LPS-treated conditions. Despite increased infiltration, deficient kidneys under LPS treatment displayed reduced and expression and attenuated tissue damage. Collectively, these findings suggest that NLRP3 suppresses neutrophil effector function at the cellular level. At the tissue level, NLRP3 amplifies inflammatory tissue injury in the kidney. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/06
Yang HaesungPark Koung-MinLim Keum-YoungHyun Young-Min - Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder with limited therapeutic options. Puhuaiyin (PHY), a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, shows clinical efficacy, but its multi-component mechanisms remain unclear. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/21
Sun DanYang NanaZhao YidingLi WenbinLiu JingZeng WeihuiLi Youbao - This study aimed to explore the protective effect of Agaricus bisporus polysaccharide (ABP) against high-fat diet (HFD) induced cognitive impairment (CI), with a particular focus on gut-brain communication. ABP supplementation alleviated anxiety-like behavior and cognitive deficits in HFD-fed mice. These effects were associated with enhanced hippocampal synaptic plasticity and attenuated inflammatory responses, which were accompanied by the elevation of Bdnf levels and the upregulated expression of plasticity-related genes (e.g., Gria2, Grin2b, Tdp2, and Fxr1). Crucially, ABP supplementation was associated with alleviated HFD-induced morphological changes in microglia and reduced inflammatory factor mRNA levels (Tnf, Il1b). Meanwhile, ABP remodeled the gut microbiome, significantly enriching beneficial taxa including Akkermansia and Bacteroides and enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mainly acetate and propionate. These findings suggest that ABP may serve as a promising nutritional component for alleviating diet-related CI with effect associated with modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/07
Fu ChujingYe KaiQiu ZhichangHu XinyuWang XiaoxuanXiao Hang - The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an essential cellular program maintaining intestinal homeostasis by acting on several cell types. However, whether the UPR sensor IRE1 acts on dendritic cells (DCs) and other antigen presenting cells (APCs) for shaping intestinal immunity remains poorly defined. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/02
Fernandez DominiqueGeisse AntoniaGonzález-Maldonado PamelaTapia AiliñGutierrez FranciscaUgalde ValentinaTapia FelipeFlores-Santibañez FelipeIwawaki TakaoPino-Lagos KarinaBoon LouisBono María RosaPrado CarolinaPacheco RodrigoOsorio Fabiola