Ask about this productRelated genes to: ARNT antibody
- Gene:
- ARNT NIH gene
- Name:
- aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- HIF-1beta, bHLHe2
- Chromosome:
- 1q21.3
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1990-01-22
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-10-05
Related products to: ARNT antibody
Related articles to: ARNT antibody
- The molecular circadian clock and melatonin secretion are pivotal for coordinating homeostasis pathways in many animals. Melatonin has been shown to regulate reproduction and neoblast proliferation in triclad flatworms, yet the extent to which these mechanisms operate in other platyhelminths remains unknown. We examined light sensing, endogenous melatonin production, and circadian control of asexual reproduction in the early-branching catenulid Stenostomum virginianum. Microscopy revealed refractile bodies with photoreceptor-like structures, blue-light autofluorescence, and PAX6 immunoreactivity in cells anterior to the brain that support the presence of a photoreceptive system. High-performance liquid chromatography detected endogenous melatonin production in S. virginianum. Exogenous melatonin administered under continuous darkness suppressed reproduction and neoblast mitosis. The same treatment applied at ZT 6 during a 12 h:12 h light-dark cycle failed to affect reproduction, implying a masking or circadian compensatory effect. Phylogenetic analysis identified two broadly conserved bHLH-PAS genes (ARNT) in a transcriptome for S. virginianum; although CLOCK and CRY were not detected, they are present in the closely related Macrostomum lignano, indicating that this absence may be due to an incomplete transcriptome. These findings suggest that circadian rhythms influence reproduction and cell division in S. virginianum, extending our understanding of melatonin-mediated, light-responsive regulation in distinct branches of the platyhelminths. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/08
Stanton Daniel LDeas Ian DSmith J KennonRobinson Samuel BReitzel Adam MSmith Julian P S - Adipocyte depots throughout the body are physiologically and molecularly distinct. With age, adipocytes increase in and around aged thymi. However, thymic adipocytes completely lack molecular characterization. We developed and optimized methods to isolate adipocyte nuclei from mouse thymi of different ages and sexes. Single-nucleus multiomic analysis of male and female mice aged 4-9 months reveals that thymic adipocytes are heterogeneous, with at least two distinct populations. One subpopulation harbors a transcription and chromatin signature consistent with beige/brown fat. A larger subpopulation more strongly resembles classic white adipose tissue and expresses genes associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and antigen presentation. Analysis of differentially open chromatin in the white compared to beige adipose population identifies binding sites for Foxn1 and HIF-1α/Arnt, consistent with a situation in which thymic white adipose cells emerge from thymic epithelial cells, possibly under hypoxic conditions. Immunofluorescence microscopy confirmed the expression of UCP1 protein in cells within the thymic parenchyma, most prominently in subcapsular cortical regions. This resource reveals a complex milieu of thymic adipocytes and identifies multiple avenues for directly probing their ontogeny, dynamics and functional significance. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/27
Schwakopf JoonSyage Amber RFranzini AncaVarley Katherine ETantin Dean - The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that exhibits antagonistic pleiotropy, mediating both protective and detrimental cellular effects depending on the ligand and context. AhR can be activated by a variety of endogenous and exogenous stimuli, including environmental pollutants, UVB radiation, heme, arachidonic acid metabolites, gut microbiota-derived compounds, and xenobiotics. Upon activation, AhR translocates to the nucleus, where it dimerizes with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) and binds to xenobiotic response elements, inducing the expression of genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, oxidative stress responses, and inflammatory signaling. In addition to these classical pathways, AhR also modulates immune function by regulating cytokine networks, including IL-17, IL-22, and IL-10, which play key roles in barrier integrity and immune homeostasis. Bioactive dietary compounds, particularly polyphenols such as flavonoids, have emerged as potential modulators of AhR signaling. Propolis, a complex bee-derived product rich in flavonoids and other phenolic compounds, has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects across multiple experimental models. However, the specific mechanisms through which propolis interacts with AhR signaling remain poorly understood. This mini-review summarizes current evidence on the potential role of propolis as an AhR modulator, discusses its implications for immune regulation, barrier function, and inflammation control, and highlights areas for future research. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/13
Borges Natália AlvarengaManhães Larissade Santana E Santana Ludmilla Diasde Brito Jessyca SousaFonseca LarissaCardozo Ludmila F M FMafra Denise - Circadian rhythms are generated by the periodic transcriptional regulation of a group of clock genes by the transcription factors clock circadian regulator (CLOCK) and basic helix-loop-helix ARNT-like 1 (BMAL1). Intracellular circadian rhythms are regulated by multiple signaling pathways. The calcium signaling pathway especially plays an important role in the rhythmic regulation of clock genes; however, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying calcium signaling-mediated rhythmic transcriptional regulation remain largely unclear. Here, we found that calcium-responsive transactivator (CREST) plays an important role in activating period circadian regulator 1 (Per1) and D-box binding PAR bZIP transcription factor (Dbp) gene expression by increasing intracellular calcium ion concentrations and rhythmic transcriptional regulation of these genes. Importantly, CREST increases the promoter activity of Per1 and Dbp by forming a complex with CLOCK and BMAL1. Finally, we found that CREST binds to the E-box-containing promoters of Per1 and Dbp. Taken together, we conclude that the formation of CREST and CLOCK/BMAL1 complexes at the E-boxes of the Per1 and Dbp promoters increases their mRNA expression in response to increased intracellular calcium ion concentrations. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/27
Miura DaikiShimo TakuzoMorishita YoshikazuNakazawa TakanobuKida Satoshi - Craniofacial malformations such as orofacial clefts affect ~1 in 700 births; 40-60% lack clear genetic etiology, and many exhibit asymmetry and variable expressivity unexplained by classical Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) morphogen gradient models. We investigated whether integrated molecular modules linking morphogen signaling with metabolic stress responses may better account for craniofacial developmental outcomes. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/08
Gramatikoff KosiStoykov MiroslavHörmann KarlMilkov Mario