Ask about this productRelated genes to: LGALS9 Blocking Peptide
- Gene:
- LGALS9 NIH gene
- Name:
- galectin 9
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- LGALS9A
- Chromosome:
- 17q11.2
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1997-06-25
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-05-13
Related products to: LGALS9 Blocking Peptide
Related articles to: LGALS9 Blocking Peptide
- Advanced CRC patients frequently accompanied by hepatic metastasis (HM). Malignant epithelial cells, as the core in metastasis, have not been fully investigated. This study investigates the role of malignant epithelial cells in CRC HM and its underlying mechanisms. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/12
Zhu WenlongDong AoHu RongbingZhou SileiYao JialiMa BinghuaDing JinZhang Yanjie - HMGA1 is a chromatin-associated oncogenic factor implicated in tumor progression, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stemness, and metastasis. However, its pan-cancer expression and prognostic patterns, epigenetic activation, and relationship with malignant-cell stemness/plasticity and tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) remain incompletely defined. This study aimed to systematically characterize HMGA1 across cancers and clarify its clinical and biological relevance in PAAD. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/23
Liu HuanDai ShiyangLv ChaoxiangDeng MingmingZou XiaopanLi Xiaoling - Galectins are a family of proteins that bind specifically to β-galactosides. Their importance in innate immunity of mammals has been well-documented. However, the systematic identification and characterization of galectin gene family remain limited in teleost. In this study, we identified 13 galectin genes (lgals2, lgals2a, lgals2b, lgals3, lgals3a, lgals3b, lgals4, lgals8, lgals8a, lgals9, grp, grp-b, grp-c) from Paralichthys olivaceus genome and analyzed their tissue expressions and expressions in response to Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial infections in mucosal tissues (gills, intestine and skin). The P. olivaceus galections were classified into three distinct types based on carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs). Phylogenetic and syntenic analyses revealed that these galectins are closely related to their counterparts in turbot and zebrafish. Moreover, the transcripts of the 13 galectins were widespread across all tested tissues of healthy fish and regulated following challenge with Vibrio anguillarum or Streptococcus iniae in mucosal tissues, indicating their involvement in P. olivaceus immune response to bacterial infections. The lgals2a was significantly upregulated in the three mucosal tissues by either bacterial infection, whereas lgals9 and grp were basically downregulated in these tissues by either infection. On the other hand, the lgals3b and lgals4 exhibited a bacteria-specific responsive expression as they were upregulated by V. anguillarum whereas remained stable upon S. iniae infection in the gills. We also observed a positive correlation between expression level and bacterial load for the upregulated galectin genes and a negative correlation for the downregulated galectin genes. These results suggest a functional divergence among galectin members in mucosal immunity against bacterial infection in P. olivaceus. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/08
Sun WeihengHu GuobinChen SonglinChen QuanchaoYang Yuanxin - Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression is a distinctive feature of a subgroup of gastric cancer (GC) but the underpinning characteristics of the immune microenvironment and mechanisms remain unclear. In the study, spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing are used on treatment-naïve HER2-positive and HER2-negative GC specimens to characterize the tumor microenvironment and spatial architecture with the aim of defining how HER2 status shapes the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and its cellular interactions. We find that C1Q⁺ macrophages spatially and functionally interact with CD8⁺ T cells via Galectin-9 (LGALS9), which is downregulated in HER2-positive tumors. Knocking down LGALS9 enhancesCD8⁺ T cell function and suppresses tumor growth in a CD8⁺ T cell-dependent manner, further amplified by anti-PD-1 treatment. Conversely, SFRP2⁺ cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) promote CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion through CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling, and knocking down CXCL12 reverses this immunosuppressive effect. HER2-positive tumors are characterized by an immune-favorable niche enriched in C1Q⁺ macrophages and CD8⁺ T effector memory cells but a decrease in SFRP2⁺ CAFs, suggesting its potential as a predictive biomarker for response to combined anti-PD-1 and anti-HER2 therapies. These findings provide insight into the spatial and immune landscape of HER2-associated GC and may inform future precision treatment strategies. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/10
Liao YuhanChen XinhuaChen HaiyunXie LunboZhi YunfeiXu HaoZhuo XinghuaHu ShupengZhao LipingLin ChuangLi YaoyingZhao Liang - Alcohol-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (A-HCC) shows more aggressive progression and has a poorer prognosis than nonalcohol-associated HCC (NA-HCC), but the underlying tumor microenvironment (TME) heterogeneity remains poorly characterized. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on tumor and adjacent normal tissues from two A-HCC patients, constructing the first single-cell transcriptomic profile of human A-HCC. This dataset was integrated with public NA-HCC scRNA-seq data to compare cellular composition, functional states, and intercellular communication. Both HCC subtypes displayed immunosuppressive TME features, which were significantly more pronounced in A-HCC. Specifically, A-HCC tumors showed greater enrichment of regulatory T cells (Tregs) with enhanced suppressive function, anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization, and more severe CD8 T and NK cell depletion and dysfunction with reduced metabolic activity. Malignant hepatocytes in A-HCC exhibited increased copy-number variation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stemness, proliferation, and drug resistance associated gene signature scores. Cell-cell communication analysis further suggested A-HCC-specific upregulation of immunosuppressive signaling pathways (LTA/LTB, TGF-β, LGALS9-HAVCR2) that reinforce this pro-tumorigenic ecosystem. A Treg-derived gene signature from A-HCC was associated with worse overall survival in independent TCGA cohorts. This first comprehensive single-cell comparison uncovers a coordinated immunosuppressive and malignant ecosystem in A-HCC that may be distinct from NA-HCC, providing a mechanistic framework to understand its aggressive clinical behavior and to identify potential etiology-targeted therapeutic strategies. Despite the limited sample size, this study provides the first single-cell resource for A-HCC and lays the foundation for future large-scale validation. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/18
Huang HuanChen HaotianXu XutaoPan ShuoCheng YuhengTang JunliangWang QiangTao JunyueHuang LijuanChen RenbiaoJin ChengtaoZhang HongxiaFang YanfeiWang KanCao QianWen Zhenzhen