Ask about this productRelated genes to: AWAT1 Blocking Peptide
- Gene:
- AWAT1 NIH gene
- Name:
- acyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 1
- Previous symbol:
- DGAT2L3
- Synonyms:
- -
- Chromosome:
- Xq13.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 2004-05-28
- Date modifiied:
- 2015-08-24
Related products to: AWAT1 Blocking Peptide
Related articles to: AWAT1 Blocking Peptide
- Triacylglycerol (TAG) is crucial in animal energy storage and membrane biogenesis. The conversion of diacylglycerol (DAG) to triacylglycerol (TAG) is catalyzed by diacylglycerol acyltransferase enzymes (DGATs), which are encoded by genes belonging to two distinct gene families. Although arthropods are known to possess DGATs activities and utilize the glycerol-3-phosphate pathway and MAG pathway for TAG biosynthesis, the sequence characterization and evolutionary history of DGATs in arthropods remains unclear. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate genomic analyses of DGATs in 13 arthropod species and 14 outgroup species. We found that arthropods lack SOAT2 genes within the DGAT1 family, while DGAT2, MOGAT3, AWAT1, and AWAT2 were absent from in DGAT2 family. Gene structure and phylogenetic analyses revealed that DGAT1 and DGAT2 genes come from different gene families. The expression patterns of these genes were further analyzed in crustaceans, demonstrating the importance of DGAT1 in TAG biosynthesis. Additionally, we identified the DGAT1 gene in Swimming crab (P. trituberculatus) undergoes a mutually exclusive alternative splicing event in the molt stages. Our newly determined DGAT inventory data provide a more complete scenario and insights into the evolutionary dynamics and functional diversification of DGATs in arthropods. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2024/01/20
Wei MaoleiYi PengHuang BaoyouNaz SairaGe ChutianShu-Chien Alexander ChongWang ZongjiWu Xugan - Citrus fruits are rich in dietary flavonoids and have many health benefits, but their antiadipogenic mechanism of action and their impact on lipid metabolism remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of citrus flavonoids, namely, hesperidin (HES), narirutin (NAR), nobiletin (NOB), sinensetin (SIN), and tangeretin (TAN), on preventing fat cell development by gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Among the citrus flavonoids tested, HES and NAR significantly reduced fat storage and triglyceride levels and increased glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Additionally, HES and NAR treatment increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) while reducing the protein expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGCR). Furthermore, in silico docking revealed that flavonoids activate AMPK. RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that citrus flavonoids normalized the expression of 40 genes, which were either upregulated by more than 2-fold or downregulated by less than 0.6-fold including , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and to levels comparable to the control group. Altogether, HES and NAR among five citrus flavonoids showed antiadipogenic effects by regulating the expression of specific lipid metabolism genes partially restored to control levels in 3T3-L1 cells. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2023/11/13
Natraj PremkumarRajan PriyankaJeon Yoon AKim Sang SukLee Young Jae - The mammalian skin exhibits a rich spectrum of evolutionary adaptations. The pilosebaceous unit, composed of the hair shaft, follicle, and the sebaceous gland, is the most striking synapomorphy. The evolutionary diversification of mammals across different ecological niches was paralleled by the appearance of an ample variety of skin modifications. Pangolins, order Pholidota, exhibit keratin-derived scales, one of the most iconic skin appendages. This formidable armor is intended to serve as a deterrent against predators. Surprisingly, while pangolins have hair on their abdomens, the occurrence of sebaceous and sweat glands is contentious. Here, we explore various molecular modules of skin physiology in four pangolin genomes, including that of sebum production. We show that genes driving wax monoester formation, Awat1/2, show patterns of inactivation in the stem pangolin branch, while the triacylglycerol synthesis gene Dgat2l6 seems independently eroded in the African and Asian clades. In contrast, Elovl3 implicated in the formation of specific neutral lipids required for skin barrier function is intact and expressed in the pangolin skin. An extended comparative analysis shows that genes involved in skin pathogen defense and structural integrity of keratinocyte layers also show inactivating mutations: associated with both ancestral and independent pseudogenization events. Finally, we deduce that the suggested absence of sweat glands is not paralleled by the inactivation of the ATP-binding cassette transporter Abcc11, as previously described in Cetacea. Our findings reveal the sophisticated and complex history of gene retention and loss as key mechanisms in the evolution of the highly modified mammalian skin phenotypes. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2023/05/30
Pinto BernardoValente RaulCaramelo FilipeRuivo RaquelCastro L Filipe C - [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102478.]. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2021/09/25
Sawai MegumiWatanabe KeisukeTanaka KanaKinoshita WataruOtsuka KentoMiyamoto MasatoshiSassa TakayukiKihara Akio - A lipid layer consisting of meibum lipids exists in the tear film and functions in preventing dry eye disease. Although the meibum lipids include diverse lipid classes, the synthesis pathway and role of each class remain largely unknown. Here, we created single and double knockout (KO and DKO, respectively) mice for the two acyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferases ( and ) and investigated their dry eye phenotypes and meibum lipid composition. KO and DKO mice exhibited severe dry eye with meibomian gland dysfunction, whereas KO mice had mild dry eye. In these mice, specific meibum lipid classes were reduced: (-acyl)-ω-hydroxy fatty acids and type 1ω wax diesters in KO mice, wax monoesters and types 1ω and 2ω wax diesters in KO mice, and most of these in DKO mice. Our findings reveal that Awat1 and Awat2 show characteristic substrate specificity and together produce diverse meibum lipids. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2021/04/26
Sawai MegumiWatanabe KeisukeTanaka KanaKinoshita WataruOtsuka KentoMiyamoto MasatoshiSassa TakayukiKihara Akio