Ask about this productRelated genes to: PIN4 Blocking Peptide
- Gene:
- PIN4 NIH gene
- Name:
- peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 4
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- PAR14, PAR17, EPVH
- Chromosome:
- Xq13.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1998-08-26
- Date modifiied:
- 2015-03-04
Related products to: PIN4 Blocking Peptide
Related articles to: PIN4 Blocking Peptide
- Cribriform (Crib) acinar adenocarcinoma (AAC), intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), atypical intraductal proliferation (AIP) and ductal adenocarcinoma (DAC) are linked to poor outcomes in prostate cancer (PCa). We analyzed their gene expression using spatial transcriptomics. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/17
Zhao TingNawrocki ColeXiong LinjieNieman Linda TAbbott Todd ESaylor Philip JMcGovern Francis JMiyamoto David TTing David TDahl Douglas MWu Chin-Lee - Bladder cancer (BLCA) is clinically heterogeneous, and conventional staging does not fully capture individual risk. Ribosome biogenesis (RiBi) is implicated in cancer, but its prognostic relevance in BLCA is not well defined. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/16
Luo GuangyueWang WeiboTai SupengYan LeiLuo HailangChang YifanYang LexingYan JunyiZhou JunLiang Chaozhao - Plant root system architecture (RSA) underlies water and nutrient acquisition and is highly plastic in response to environmental fluctuations. While MADS-box transcription factors are best known for regulating flowering and floral development, their roles in root development and stress adaptation remain poorly understood. Here, we identify the SOC1-clade MADS-box genes (AGL14, AGL19, and SOC1) as a redundant regulatory module integrating auxin signaling with environmental cues to control lateral root (LR) development. AGL14 is strongly and specifically expressed in the root vascular cylinder and lateral root primordia (LRPs) throughout all developmental stages. Overexpression of AGL14 enhances LR numbers, whereas loss-of-function mutants show reduced LR formation. Mechanistically, AGL14 promotes auxin accumulation in LRPs accompanied by higher expression levels of auxin transporters (PIN1, PIN4, LAX3) and biosynthetic genes (YUC3, YUC8, AMI1). AGL19 and SOC1 exhibit overlapping expression patterns and act redundantly with AGL14 to maintain auxin homeostasis and LR formation. All three SOC1-clade genes are transcriptionally induced by auxin and nitrogen deficiency but repressed by abscisic acid, osmotic stress, and salinity, positioning them as a potential node linking hormonal and environmental signaling networks. Our findings uncover a new role for SOC1-clade genes in LR developmental plasticity, providing new targets for optimizing RSA to enhance crop resilience under nutrient and water limitations. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/15
Li XinyueMa QianJin PingWang YaxuanYang TongyaoChen YingGuo ShujuanZhang ZishengXiang ChengbinWang QiulingYu Linhui - Cutaneous metastasis of prostate adenocarcinoma is exceedingly rare, accounting for less than 1% of all skin metastases. It typically occurs late in the disease course and often mimics benign or primary skin malignancies. An elderly man with a history of benign prostatic hypertrophy presented for a routine dermatologic examination, during which an ulcerated nodule was identified on his upper back. Histopathology of the lesion revealed a dermal-based malignant glandular tumor. Immunohistochemistry was negative for CK20, CK5/6, PAX-8, TTF-1, PSA, and PIN4, but positive for PSAP and NKX3.1, consistent with mucin-producing prostate adenocarcinoma. Although his recent digital rectal exam was normal and prostate cancer screening had been deferred due to age, further work-up showed elevated serum PSA (30.49 ng/mL) and widespread metastatic disease on PET/CT imaging. He was started on androgen deprivation therapy with relugolix. This case underscores the diagnostic importance of skin biopsies in evaluating atypical lesions and highlights a rare presentation of metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma in an elderly patient with minimal systemic symptoms. It also raises awareness of prostate cancer presenting as solitary cutaneous metastasis and calls attention to the potential value of PSA screening in select elderly patients. Recognizing uncommon cutaneous manifestations may lead to earlier diagnosis and improved management of advanced internal malignancies. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/11/10
Yildirim Ahmet MSemler DouglasHarvell JeffreyYu Eun-MiJang SekwonVenna Suraj - Waterlogging poses a significant global threat to agriculture by inducing ion toxicities (e.g. Fe², Mn², NH ) in roots due to soil redox changes. This review synthesizes current insights into how plant roots, particularly in Arabidopsis, respond to these toxicities, focusing on root system architecture (RSA) modifications and underlying mechanisms. Under waterlogging, soil redox changes drive Fe² and Mn² accumulation in reducing layers, while NH -based fertilizers elevate NH :NO ratios. NH inhibits primary root (PR) elongation by disrupting cell division and energy metabolism via VTC1 and LPR2 genes, while locally stimulating lateral root (LR) formation through pH-dependent auxin diffusion. Ethylene and NO signaling interact to modulate gravitropism via PIN2 and ARG1/GSA1 pathways. Fe toxicity arrests PR growth by reducing cell activity in the root tip, involving ethylene, ROS (HO/O ), and NO pathways. GSNOR emerges as a key gene for Fe tolerance, balancing NO homeostasis. LR formation under Fe stress relies on PIN2/AUX1-mediated auxin transport and ferritin storage, with ROS-auxin crosstalk influencing adaptive responses. Mn toxicity inhibits PR elongation by repressing auxin biosynthesis (YUC genes) and efflux (PIN4/PIN7), while miR781 and cation transporters (CAX4, MTP11) facilitate detoxification. Vacuolar compartmentation and Ca² signaling via ECA proteins are also critical. Despite progress, key gaps remain: identifying ion sensors in root tips, extrapolating findings to long-lived species, modeling multi-ion interactions under dynamic waterlogging conditions, and establishing real-time root signal monitoring systems. Integrating temporal and environmental factors (e.g. temperature) will enhance understanding of RSA reprogramming for waterlogging tolerance. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/08/15
Zhang LinLi YanWang YanqinLiu ZhaohuiKronzucker Herbert JWang ZhaoyueShi WeimingLi Guangjie