Ask about this productRelated genes to: BCO2 Blocking Peptide
- Gene:
- BCO2 NIH gene
- Name:
- beta-carotene oxygenase 2
- Previous symbol:
- BCDO2
- Synonyms:
- FLJ34464, B-DIOX-II
- Chromosome:
- 11q23.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 2002-04-10
- Date modifiied:
- 2014-11-19
Related products to: BCO2 Blocking Peptide
Related articles to: BCO2 Blocking Peptide
- The low photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield of carbon dots (CDs) has constrained their practical implementation in commercial applications. The inherent limitations of conventional single-element doping prevent it from overcoming this key performance bottleneck and achieving a synergistic enhancement. In this study, the fluorescence properties of nitrogen-boron (N,B)-codoped CDs were systematically investigated using first-principles calculations. N dopants tend to coexist with surface BC3-configured boron atoms, and the pyridinic N-B-codoped configuration is effective in enhancing the thermodynamic stability of CDs. Cooperative interactions between the low-electronegativity B and varied N heteroatoms facilitate synergistic intramolecular charge transfer across the carbon domain. Enhanced charge delocalization reshapes the excited-state transition from a multiorbital mixture to one dominated by the HOMO-LUMO channel. Hence, all N-BC3-codoped configurations exhibit enhanced fluorescence intensity, with pyrrolic N-B codoping being particularly effective. This mechanism underlies the universally observed emission redshift and significant fluorescence enhancement in N-BC3 configurations, while also explaining why analogous enhancements are rarely seen in the more common N-BC2O and N-BCO2 configurations. These findings offer valuable insights for the rational design of dual-doped CDs for advanced optoelectronic and biomedical applications. - Source: PubMed
Zhao LuLi JiayunJiao JiamengZhang MinZhang JianenXu JiaqingWu ShouquanLan YoushiChen XiaoboLi XuGuan Li - Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy worldwide and continues to account for significant cancer-associated morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to explore the anti-cancer effects of estradiol (E2), a female hormone, and β-carotene (BC), a dietary antioxidant, focusing on their roles in promoting apoptosis and regulating the expression of BC-related metabolic enzymes in human colon cancer cells. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/03/11
Park SejinKim Yuri - Sexual dichromatism, characterized by sex-specific differences in coloration, is widespread among birds and often involves carotenoid-based pigmentation. Despite extensive research on the social and ecological environments favoring sexual dichromatism, the molecular mechanisms underlying its development and evolution remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the genetic and molecular processes giving rise to sexual dichromatism in the red ketocarotenoid-based plumage of northern cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis). We quantified carotenoid concentrations in plasma and feather follicles, confirmed that homologs of CYP2J19, BDH1L, and TTC39B catalyze the production of C-4 ketocarotenoids, and performed gene expression analyses across tissues. Males showed significantly higher plasma and feather ketocarotenoid concentrations, upregulated CYP2J19 and TTC39B expression in liver and feather tissues, and upregulated carotenoid transport gene expression in the gut and feather follicles. Females exhibited a dramatic upregulation of BCO2 in their feather follicles, facilitating carotenoid degradation and attenuating red pigmentation. Additionally, sex-biased expression of hormonal regulators such as HSD17B4 and ZNF131 in the feather follicle suggests hormonal modulation influences dichromatism. These findings indicate that sex-specific regulation of carotenoid processing genes underpins the vivid red coloration in males and the drab phenotype in females, likely maintained by a balance between natural and sexual selection, with mechanisms of sexual antagonism affecting divergent gene expression. This work advances understanding of the molecular basis of avian sexual dimorphism, highlighting key genetic pathways involved in carotenoid-based coloration and providing a foundation for further research into the evolution of sexually dichromatic traits. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/08/10
Wade Miranda JPatton SaraScheer Elizabeth CKoch Rebecca EZhang YufengToomey Matthew BHill Geoffrey ESin Simon Yung Wa - The rapid growth of avian genomic resources has created a field rich in genomic data but still in need of integrative synthesis. Here, we review evidence linking four colour-producing systems-melanin, carotenoids, psittacofulvins and structural colouration-to feather development and evolutionary change. Melanin output is shaped by the -- regulatory axis, melanogenic enzymes and the local availability of substrates such as cysteine. Carotenoid colouration depends on dietary uptake, SCARB1-mediated transport, -regulated precursor availability and, in many red species, -mediated ketolation acting with ; however, -independent red routes demonstrate that similar colour phenotypes can evolve through different molecular solutions. Structural colours arise from feather nanostructures and may interact developmentally with pigment deposition, whereas psittacofulvins represent an independent pigment system in parrots. We also discuss sex-biased gene expression, feather-region specificity, environmental sensitivity and lineage-specific regulatory change. Overall, avian plumage colour evolution is shaped by conserved biochemical and developmental constraints, yet similar colour phenotypes can arise through different regulatory, metabolic or structural routes. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/17
Bai LuYin Jun - Due to the rising pollution levels across various sectors, discovering innovative methods to mitigate different types of pollution has become essential for enhancing crop growth and extending the lifespan of humans and animals. Using certain adsorbent, such as biochar (BCH), is beneficial in numerous studies, which led to its selection in this work. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the ωB97XD/6-311+G(d) level of theory were used to model the studied systems, which have been chemically modified with boron and oxygen (B, BCO, BCO, and B-O) on the biochar complex to enhance ciprofloxacin (CPF) adsorption capacity and selectivity. A noticeable difference was observed in the properties of B/O-functionalized biochar compared to BCH. When examining the adsorption characteristics, the energies ranged from -30.9 to -34.8 kcal mol, with CPF-BCO@BCH showing the highest potential for detection due to its lowest adsorption energy. This highlights the positive impact of functionalizing BCH for CPF adsorption which is a major pollutant when introduced into water bodies. Although CPF-BCH still demonstrated strong adsorption capability, various computational studies, including NCI, QTAIM, electronic properties, and sensor mechanisms, were conducted to validate the findings and provide insights into how BCH's adsorption behaviour changes upon modification. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/18
Brown Onyebuenyi IFasasi Yussuf AyinlaGodswill ErnestEdim Moses MRunde MusaBassey Francisca