Ask about this productRelated genes to: PNOC antibody
- Gene:
- PNOC NIH gene
- Name:
- prepronociceptin
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- PPNOC, N/OFQ, NOP
- Chromosome:
- 8p21.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1996-05-28
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-10-05
Related products to: PNOC antibody
Related articles to: PNOC antibody
- Nociceptin orphanin F/Q has been implicated in stress-related depressive phenotypes. Specifically, exposure to chronic stressors upregulates nociceptin receptors (NOPR), whereas NOPR antagonism has antidepressant/anti-anhedonic effects. However, the mechanisms underlying reward-related effects remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of NOPR in a broad spectrum of reward-related phenotypes (reward consumption, reward learning, motivated behavior) alongside potentially prohedonic effects of NOPR antagonism across species. Study 1 evaluated whether exposure to early-life adversity upregulated ventral tegmental area (VTA) and striatal prepronociceptin (Pnoc) gene expression in adult mice. Study 2 assessed whether NOPR antagonism boosted reward learning in rats using the touchscreen-based Probabilistic Reward Task. Finally, Study 3 tested whether NOPR antagonism modulated decision about motivated behavior using the Effort Expenditure for Reward Task among depressed humans. In Study 1, early-life adversity induced reduced sucrose preference and produced enduring and sex-dependent alterations in effort-related reward behavior, and increased Pnoc expression in the VTA; in females (but not males), early-life adversity increased Pnoc expression in the dorsal striatum. In Study 2, acute administration of 30 mg/kg (but not lower doses) of a NOPR antagonist (BTRX-246040) enhanced reward learning in rats. Finally, in Study 3, relative to placebo, 8-week treatment with BTRX-246040 modulated choice consistency during a motivated task in depressed humans. Collectively, our findings indicate that chronic stress alters Pnoc and mRNA levels of Pnoc-expressing cells in a sex-selective and region-specific manner impacting reward structures, and that NOPR antagonism shows promising efficacy in increasing reward-related behaviors in rodents and humans. Future studies using similar manipulations and outcome measures across species are warranted. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/09/19
Pizzagalli Diego AGallo MeghanTreadway Michael TKangas Brian DBreton JocelynBruchas Michael RGraybiel Ann MHueske EmilyBath Kevin G - Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are immunocompromised, making them more susceptible to infection. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of nosocomial infection among CRC patients at Prince Noora Oncology Centre in National Guard Health Affairs and to analyze the relationship between various pathogens and clinico-pathological characteristics of CRC. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/06/18
Aga Syed SameerKhan Muhammad AnwarRadhi Hamad MutlaqSaleh Abduljawad RamliAlghamdi Mohammed AbdulazizAlmutairi Muath BaderNissar Saniya - Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a cell-associated retrovirus of cattle transmitted mainly through the transfer of infected lymphocytes, but the possible role of hematophagous insects in its epidemiology remains incompletely understood. This study investigated BLV DNA in field-collected Culicoides biting midges and Stomoxys calcitrans from cattle farms in Poland. Insects were collected on four farms in northeastern Poland. Culicoides spp. were identified morphologically, classified by gonotrophic status, and pooled by species and status, whereas S. calcitrans were analyzed individually. DNA quality was verified by PCR targeting insect markers. Bovine host DNA was detected by PCR targeting mitochondrial cytochrome b in Culicoides and prepronociceptin (PNOC) in S. calcitrans. BLV proviral DNA was detected by TaqMan real-time PCR targeting the pol gene, followed by nested PCR and sequencing of a 400 bp fragment of the env gene. BLV DNA was detected in 20 of 138 Culicoides pools (14.5%). BLV copy numbers ranged from 2 to 19,000 copies per 500 ng of total DNA. All BLV-positive Culicoides pools were also positive for bovine cytochrome b DNA. Among the pol-positive pools, 18 were positive in nested env PCR, and 15 yielded high-quality sequences. One S. calcitrans specimen was also positive in both BLV assays. Sequences obtained from insects were identical to those from infected cattle, and phylogenetic analysis assigned them to genotypes G4 and G7, the predominant BLV genotypes circulating in Poland. These findings provide field-based molecular evidence that Culicoides biting midges and S. calcitrans can carry bovine blood and BLV DNA under natural farm conditions, supporting their possible role in the mechanical transfer of BLV between cattle. - Source: PubMed
Pluta AnetaKowalik JoannaRożek WojciechKwaśnik MałgorzataZiętek-Barszcz AnnaKuźmak Jacek - The arcuate nucleus (ARC) and ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) are highly specialized hypothalamic nuclei controlling appetite and energy expenditure. Here, we demonstrate that human VMH and ARC neurons can be generated from pluripotent stem cells by fine-tuned timing and duration of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) exposure. We identified SHH/NKX2.1/FGF10/RAX/TBX3 posterior tuberal progenitors as the source of ARC cell types, including agouti-related peptide (AGRP)-, prepronociceptin (PNOC)-, growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)-, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-expressing neurons and β2-tanycytes. Differentiated ARC cultures showed high transcriptomic similarity to human ARC and responded to energy homeostasis-regulatory peptides including leptin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), ghrelin, and fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1). In contrast, anterior tuberal TBX3 progenitors generated VMH-associated neurons expressing NR5A1, SOX14, and GPR149. Strikingly, two transcriptionally distinct pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) subpopulations emerged from these lineages, mapping spatially to either the ARC (POMC/TBX3/NR5A2) or the VMH (POMC/SOX14/NR5A1). This model provides a cellular platform to study human hypothalamic subtype specification and pathways involved in central appetite regulation. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/06/08
Abay-Nørgaard ZehraMueller Anika KHänninen ErnoRausch DylanPiilgaard LouiseTrujillo Lucía SenaFedrizzi LorenzoChristensen Jens BagerSalvador AlisonSchörling Alrik LMottelson Noah WulffQin QiuyuSampath ShruthiHersbach BobHenkenjohann JonasPeeters SofieNikulina ViktoriiaKruse Charlotte HøyLi YuanChinnaiya KavithaPlaczek MarysiaKajtez JankoPers Tune HKirkeby Agnete - To investigate antimicrobial usage patterns, indications, and outcomes in end-of-life (EOL) oncology patients at Princess Noorah Oncology Center (PNOC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The use of antimicrobials in oncology patients in EOL care has raised concerns about their appropriateness and the increasing issue of antimicrobial resistance. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/02/07
Almouaalamy Nabil ABanjar Lama AHassani Hattan AAlqerafi Ahmed AEzzi Abdulrahman IAlaslab Bader KAllhybi Abdulaziz KAljohani Abdulaziz NAlmouaalamy Nora NAlmarhabi Hassan A