Ask about this productRelated genes to: SAA4 antibody
- Gene:
- SAA4 NIH gene
- Name:
- serum amyloid A4, constitutive
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- C-SAA, CSAA
- Chromosome:
- 11p15.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1992-06-12
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-10-05
Related products to: SAA4 antibody
Related articles to: SAA4 antibody
- Non-glycosylated liver-derived acute-phase amyloid A1 and A2 proteins (SAA1 and SAA2, 104 amino acids), generated by two different genes in humans (/) and other mammalian species, are considered the prime acute-phase reactants following inflammatory conditions during host defense in cells, tissues, and the circulation. While human has been identified as a pseudogene, genes in other mammalian species are coding for primarily extrahepatically expressed Saa3 proteins that also may act as suitable inflammatory markers. The discovery of SAA4 (112 amino acids, carrying an octapeptide insert) in humans and mice has paved a new avenue for the exploration of different functions of this so far unknown member of the SAA superfamily. SAA4 has originally been termed a "constitutively" expressed SAA protein, apparently due to its nature not to act as an inflammatory marker. The present overview aimed to cover possible functions-so far identified-for human SAA4 (following its expression in various diseases on mRNA and protein level) and to work out whether SAA4 might be considered-at least in part-an acute-phase protein. Alternatively, we are raising the question whether SAA4 may solely act as a bystander or even underdog within the whole SAA family, where SAA1 and SAA2 proteins (commonly termed acute-phase SAA) hold undoubtedly an eminent status during inflammatory conditions, not only as host defense reactants but also as long-lasting markers for chronic diseases and malignancies in humans. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/28
Malle ErnstMadreiter-Sokolowski CorinaWindpassinger Christian - Sepsis triggers a complex and heterogeneous host response, yet decades of biomarker studies have yielded few targeted therapeutics that improve patient outcomes. Single analyte approaches fail to capture the coordinated biological programs that drive organ dysfunction. Focusing on single or limited panels of biomarkers to endotype disease fundamentally misrepresents sepsis biology, which reflects simultaneous disruption of multiple cellular networks. However, pathway-level bioinformatic analyses interpret proteins as components of larger biological systems, enabling detection of coordinated molecular disturbances that individual biomarkers cannot capture. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/02
Van Nynatten Logan RTweddell DavidDaley MarkCepinskas GediminasBasmaji JohnSlessarev MaratFraser Douglas D - 'Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are nanosized, membrane-enclosed sacs released by diverse cell types. They play a critical role in cell-cell communication through their cargo, which includes a wide range of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Physiologically, sEVs circulate in various body fluids such as blood, urine, and saliva, making them accessible for diagnostic via non-invasive isolation techniques. Recent advances in high-throughput proteomics have significantly enhanced our ability to characterize the protein content of sEVs. Importantly, multiple studies on human fluids have identified specific protein markers across different cancer types, encompassing molecules involved in inflammation, cellular adhesion, immunity, and lipoprotein regulation. Interestingly, some of these proteins are consistently detected across multiple cancer types and sample sources, suggesting the existence of a shared "oncogenic signature" that may be transferred via sEVs. Among body fluids, urine and saliva are particularly promising for easy, non-invasive diagnostics. However, these sample types remain underexplored as compared to the serum, leaving substantial opportunities for future research. Taken together, these findings position sEVs as a powerful tool with significant potential for advancing precision cancer care. SIGNIFICANCE: Living cells release nanosized membrane-enclosed vesicles called small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) into the extracellular environment. sEVs contain protein cargo molecules that critically take part in cell-cell communications. Quantitative proteomics identified potential sEV associated biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis and therapy. sEV Proteins associated with cell adhesion and inflammation, lipoproteins and immunoglobulins are potential molecules that were majorly identified. Interestingly, some of these proteins such as APOA4, SAA4, ITIH4, SERPINC1 and VWF were consistently identified across multiple cancer types and sample sources, highlighting their potential as future biomarkers. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/03/08
Pandey DivyaTiwari VineetaGhosh Dipanjana - Glioma is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with glioblastoma (GBM, IDH-wildtype) as its most malignant subtype, and is associated with a dismal prognosis, creating an urgent need for noninvasive biomarkers to enable early detection and prognostic stratification. Single-marker detection exhibits inherent limitations in clinical practice, whereas multi-marker panels hold greater promise for enhancing diagnostic efficacy. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/02/17
Meng WeiDuan JianGuo ChengchengXu JiangZheng SuyueWu Haibin - To elucidate the proteome profile of cartilage tissue with two distinct phenotypes namely varus and valgus osteoarthritic (OA) knees in response to different loading conditions. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/05/21
Soundarrajan DhanasekaranArunachalam DivyaNayagam Sharon MiracleThangavel ChitraRajasekaran Shanmuganathan