Ask about this productRelated genes to: NMUR2 antibody
- Gene:
- NMUR2 NIH gene
- Name:
- neuromedin U receptor 2
- Previous symbol:
- NMU2R
- Synonyms:
- -
- Chromosome:
- 5q33.1
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 2001-08-24
- Date modifiied:
- 2014-11-19
Related products to: NMUR2 antibody
Related articles to: NMUR2 antibody
- Neuromedin U (NMU) is a neuropeptide that was first identified in porcine spinal cord and exhibits diverse biological activities. It serves as an endogenous ligand for the human Neuromedin U receptor 2 (NMUR2), which is expressed exclusively in the hypothalamus. Because NMUR2 is involved in the regulation of appetite suppression and energy metabolism, it is considered a promising target for obesity treatment. CPN is a medium-sized peptide with selective agonistic activity against NMUR2. In this study, we evaluated the effect of peptide stability on brain delivery and the pharmacological effects after intranasal administration of two CPNs (CPN-116 and CPN-219) with different in vitro stabilities. The results of in vitro stability studies showed that both CPNs were more stable in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) than in the plasma and that the stability of CPN-219 in the serum, CSF, brain, and nasal cavity was better than that of CPN-116. For both CPNs, brain concentrations were higher in the nasal administration group than in the intraperitoneal administration group, and weight gain was also suppressed in the nasal administration group compared to the control group. Furthermore, both brain delivery and suppression of weight gain after nasal administration of CPN-219, which has good in vitro stability, were superior to those of CPN-116. It is evident that the stability of the peptide is an important factor for the direct delivery of peptides into the brain by intranasal administration. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/25
Tanaka AkikoYamashita AyariTakayama KentaroHayashi YoshioKatsumi HidemasaFurubayashi Tomoyuki - Neuromedin U (NMU), a neuropeptide, activates two types of NMU receptors (NMUR1 and NMUR2). The anti-obesity drug development focused on appetite suppression among physiological actions of NMU have been attempted worldwide; however, several reports have pointed out the possibility of tachyphylaxis induction by the repeated treatment of agonistic molecules, including our NMUR1 agonist CPN-267. Recently, NMUR1-mediated activation of type 2 inflammation has received considerable attention, although its tachyphylaxis induction has not yet been examined. In addition, through the acquisition of CPN-267, we were interested in the molecular functions affecting the in vitro efficacy (E) of mouse NMUR1. In this study, CPN-267-inspired derivatives of mouse NMU (mNMU) and palmitoylated analogs were designed and synthesized to reveal the structural factors modulating efficacy and evaluate the tachyphylaxis induction ability in mice. A calcium-mobilization assay using HEK293 cells transiently expressing receptors clarified that amino acid substitutions at positions 17-19 of mNMU to obtain NMUR1 selectivity led to a decrease in efficacy, and position 18 on palmitoylated analogs was the residue involving in the efficacy modulation. Using the most potent palmitoylated NMUR1 agonist 1, we confirmed that repeated subcutaneous injection for 3 consecutive days in mice rapidly induced tachyphylaxis of the appetite-suppressive effect. Moreover, we successfully demonstrated that the marked elevation in serum IL-5 levels by a single injection of peptide 1 was abolished by a similar repeated treatment, proposing that palmitoylated analogs acting on NMUR1 have the potential to develop as a suppressive agent against type 2 inflammation in future. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/12
Takayama KentaroMori KenjiNomura ErinaHanano MaiKuruma MomokoMorito KatsuyaTaguchi AkihiroTaniguchi AtsuhikoMiyazato MikiyaHayashi Yoshio - Neuromedin U (NMU) is an important neuropeptide. The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is an important central nucleus for regulating the adipose afferent reflex (AAR). In this study, we aimed to investigate the acute effects of NMU in PVN on AAR, sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in the rats with obesity-related hypertension (OH) induced by a high-fat diet for 16 weeks. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/10/26
Wang QianZhu Han-XuGao QingXia Chen-XiCao Wen-JuanChen Ai-DongZhou Ye-BoChen Lei-Lei - The objective of this study was to elucidate the role of endogenous Neuromedin U (NMU) in rats by performing NMU knockout (KO). Male, but not female NMU KO rats exhibited decreased wheel-running activity vs wildtype (WT), although overall home cage activity was not affected. Plasma testosterone in WT rats varied significantly over the course of a day, with a peak at ZT1 and a nadir at ZT18, whereas in NMU KO rats testosterone remained stable throughout the day. Chronic administration of testosterone restored wheel-running activity in NMU KO rats to the same level as in WT rats, suggesting that the decrease in wheel-running activity in NMU KO rats is due to the disruption of the diurnal change of testosterone. Accordingly, expression of the luteinizing hormone beta subunit (Lhb) mRNA in the pars distalis of anterior pituitary was significantly lower in NMU KO rats; immunostaining revealed that the size of luteinizing hormone (LH)-expressing cells was also relatively small in those animals. In the brain of male WT rats, Nmu was highly expressed in the pars tuberalis, and the NMU receptor Nmur2 was highly expressed in the ependymal cell layer of the third ventricle. This study reveals a novel function of NMU and indicates that endogenous NMU in rats plays a role in the regulation of motivated activity via regulation of testosterone. - Source: PubMed
Otsuka MaiTakeuchi YuMoriyama MahoEgoshi SakuraGoto YukiGu TingtingKimura Atsushi PHaraguchi ShogoYoshii TaishiTakeuchi SakaeMatsuyama MakotoBentley George EAizawa Sayaka - Identifying genes involved in anxiety is important to elucidate the mechanisms of anxiety disorders. Hatano high avoidance animals (HAA) and low avoidance animals (LAA) are inbred strains that are selected based on their performance in an active avoidance test. HAA shows a higher level of anxiety-like behavior than LAA. The present study focuses on the hippocampus, which is associated with anxiety-like behavior, and used microarray analysis and RT-qPCR to select genes with differential expression in the hippocampus between HAA and LAA (Experiment 1). The microarray analysis revealed differences in 498 gene expressions between HAA and LAA, of which 21 genes were ligand-receptor related in the nervous system. We selected nine genes based on p value and conducted RT-qPCR, which identified seven genes whose expressions were higher in LAA than in HAA. We focused on the gene, neuromedin U receptor 2 (Nmur2), which showed significantly different expression levels between HAA and LAA. Further, we conducted a behavioral test to evaluate anxiety levels by administering neuromedin U (NmU), an agonist for NmUR2, into the hippocampus (Experiment 2). NmU treatment did not affect the results of the open field test or the elevated plus maze test, which are unconditioned response models of anxiety. However, in the passive avoidance test, a conditioned response model of anxiety, the NmU group showed less anxiety-like behavior than the control group. This is the first study to show that NmU suppresses the conditioned response model of anxiety via the hippocampus, indicating that NmUR2 in the hippocampus may be involved in anxiety-like behavior. - Source: PubMed
Sato KaitoIshii AtsuhiroKobayashi ShoheiHatakeyama TaichiWatanabe GenSoga TomokoParhar IshwarMatsuwaki TakashiMoriya ShogoOhta RyoChiba ShuichiKawaguchi Maiko