Ask about this productRelated genes to: TSSK2 antibody
- Gene:
- TSSK2 NIH gene
- Name:
- testis specific serine kinase 2
- Previous symbol:
- STK22B
- Synonyms:
- SPOGA2, FLJ38613
- Chromosome:
- 22q11.21
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1999-10-19
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-01-26
Related products to: TSSK2 antibody
Related articles to: TSSK2 antibody
- Temporally regulated translation is critical for late steps of spermatogenesis due to transcriptional silencing during chromatin condensation. This study shows that the function of the cytoplasmic granule, the late chromatoid body, is connected to translational regulation in condensing spermatids. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/10/15
Lehti Mari SMa LinKärnä SalliLaasanen SamuliAhmedani AmmarOlotu OpeyemiBourgery MatthieuTran PanyiSironen AnuKotaja Noora - While spermatogenesis has been extensively characterized in mammals, its molecular underpinnings in avian species remain largely unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, we performed single-cell transcriptomic profiling of duck testes across developmental stages (10-week immature vs. 23-week mature). Our analysis generated a comprehensive cellular atlas comprising 54,702 cells, resolving eight germ cell clusters (three spermatogonia [SPG], three spermatocytes [SPC], two spermatozoa [SPT]) and nine somatic populations, including peritubular myoid cells, immune subsets (T cells, macrophages, granulocytes), endothelial cells, Leydig cells, and three Sertoli cell subtypes, each defined by unique marker gene signatures. Furthermore, novel marker genes were identified, including EXFABP for granulocyte, ARHGAP15 for T cell regulation, FDX1 specific to Leydig cells (LC), and TSSK3/TSSK2 linked to elongated spermatid formation (SPT). Notably, we identified some novel molecular markers distinguishing these populations. Pseudotemporal trajectory reconstruction of germline development revealed stage-specific enrichment of ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum protein processing, and autophagy pathways. Core regulators MRPL13, MRPL2, MRPL22, MRPS14, MRPS7 (ribosome), HSPA5 (ER stress response), and PIK3C3 (autophagy) emerged as molecular hubs showing progressive downregulation during differentiation. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of germ cells and Sertoli cells between immature (IMT) and mature (MT) testes revealed significant enrichment of the spliceosome pathway in both germ and Sertoli cells. Critical spliceosome components SNRPG, SF3B3, and SNRPF exhibited coordinated downregulation during testicular maturation, suggesting their role as negative regulators of spermatogenic progression. This study establishes the first high-resolution cellular blueprint of avian spermatogenesis, delineating regulatory networks of duck testis cell development. Our findings provide valuable datasets and mechanistic insights into the evolutionary specialization of reproductive strategies in poultry. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/08/22
Tao ZhiyunXu WenjuanSong WeitaoLu LizhiZhang ShuangjieLiu HongxiangWang ZhichengGu HaotianZhu ChunhongLi Huifang - The testis-specific serine kinases (TSSKs) are post-meiotically expressed in testicular germ cells. Their testis-specific expression, together with their putative role in phosphorylation pathways, suggests that TSSKs have relevant roles in spermiogenesis, sperm function, or both. Independent and knockout mice, as well as the double / KO males, are sterile. However, the double KO results are silent regarding the individual roles of TSSK1 and TSSK2. The aim of this study was to develop independent mutant mouse models of and , using CRISPR/Cas9, to evaluate their independent roles in reproduction. Male heterozygous pups were used to establish one and two independent mutant lines. Natural mating mutant and homozygous males but not females were found to be sterile. Additionally, homozygous males have lower sperm numbers and decreased motility, and were infertile in vitro. Anti-TSSK2 antibodies were validated against mutants and used in Western blot and immunofluorescence experiments. TSSK2 is localized to the sperm head; importantly, it is present in the testes and sperm from mutant mice, confirming individual mutation. Our results indicate that both TSSK1 and TSSK2 are individually essential for male reproduction and support both kinases as suitable nonhormonal male contraceptive targets. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/04/18
Nayyab SamanGervasi Marıá GraciaTourzani Darya AShamailova YevaAkizawa HirokiTaghavi MahboubehCui WeiFissore RafaelSalicioni Ana MariaGeorg Gunda ISnyder ElizabethVisconti Pablo E - The study aimed to investigate prevalent chromosomal breakpoints identified in balanced structural chromosomal anomalies and to pinpoint potential candidate genes linked with male infertility. This was acchieved through a comprehensive approach combining RNA-seq and microarray data analysis, enabling precise identification of candidate genes. The Cytogenetics data from 2,500 infertile males referred to Royan Research Institute between 2009 and 2022 were analyzed, with 391 cases meeting the inclusion criteria of balanced chromosomal rearrangement. Of these, 193 cases exhibited normal variations and were excluded from the analysis. By examining the breakpoints, potential candidate genes were suggested. Among the remaining 198 cases, reciprocal translocations were the most frequent anomaly (129 cases), followed by Robertsonian translocations (43 cases), inversions (34 cases), and insertions (3 cases).Some patients had more than one chromosomal abnormality. Chromosomal anomalies were most frequently observed in chromosomes 13 (21.1%), 14 (20.1%), and 1 (16.3%) with 13q12, 14q12, and 1p36.3 being the most prevalent breakpoints, respectively. Chromosome 1 contributed the most to reciprocal translocations (20.2%) and inversions (17.6%), while chromosome 14 was the most involved in the Robertsonian translocations (82.2%). The findings suggested that breakpoints at 1p36.3 and 14q12 might be associated with pregestational infertility, whereas breakpoints at 13q12 could be linked to both gestational and pregestational infertility. Several candidate genes located on common breakpoints were proposed as potentially involved in male infertility. Bioinformatics analyses utilizing three databases were conducted to examine the expression patterns of 78 candidate genes implicated in various causes of infertility. In azoospermic individuals, significant differential expression was observed in 19 genes: 15 were downregulated (TSSK2, SPINK2, TSSK4, CDY1, CFAP70, BPY2, BTG4, FKBP6, PPP2R1B, SPECC1L, CENPJ, SKA3, FGF9, NODAL, CLOCK), while four genes were upregulated (HSPB1, MIF, PRF1, ENTPD6). In the case of Asthenozoospermia, seven genes showed significant upregulation (PRF1, DDX21, KIT, SRD5A3, MTCH1, DDX50, NODAL). Though RNA-seq data for Teratozoospermia were unavailable, microarray data revealed differential expression insix genes: three downregulated (BUB1, KLK4, PIWIL2) and three upregulated (AURKC, NPM2, RANBP2). These findings enhance our understanding of the molecular basis of male infertility and could provide valuable insights for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2024/10/02
Hossein Garakani MelikaKakavand KianoushSabbaghian MarjanGhaheri AzadehMasoudi Najmeh SadatShahhoseini MaryamHassanzadeh VahidehZamanian MohammadrezaMeybodi Anahita MohseniMoradi Shabnam Zarei - Transcriptionally and translationally silent sperm undergo functional maturation during epididymis traverse, which provides sperm ability to move and is crucial for successful fertilization. However, the molecular mechanisms governing sperm maturation remain poorly understood, especially at the protein post-translational modification level. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of mouse epididymal sperm from different regions (caput, corpus, and cauda) to unveil the dynamics of protein phosphorylation during sperm maturation. We identified 6447 phosphorylation sites in 1407 phosphoproteins, and 345 phosphoproteins were differentially phosphorylated between caput and cauda sperm. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses showed enrichment of differentially phosphorylated proteins in energy metabolism, sperm motility, and fertilization. Kinase substrate network analysis followed by inhibition assay and quantitative phosphoproteomics analysis showed that TSSK2 kinase is important for sperm motility and progressive motility. This study systemically characterized the intricate phosphorylation regulation during sperm maturation in the mouse epididymis, which can be a basis to elucidate sperm motility acquisition, and to offer potential targets for male contraception and the treatment of male infertility. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2024/07/06
Zhang XiangzhengTu HaixiaZhou XinWang BingGuo YueshuaiSitu ChenghaoQi YalingLi YanGuo Xuejiang