Ask about this productRelated genes to: MLSTD2 antibody
- Gene:
- FAR1 NIH gene
- Name:
- fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1
- Previous symbol:
- MLSTD2
- Synonyms:
- FLJ22728, SDR10E1
- Chromosome:
- 11p15.3
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 2004-03-01
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-10-05
Related products to: MLSTD2 antibody
Related articles to: MLSTD2 antibody
- is widely managed in apiculture in Southern China but experiences substantial colony losses during prolonged summer heat. Developing effective strategies to support colony over-summering is therefore critical. This study demonstrates that dietary supplementation with melatonin significantly enhances thermal tolerance and extends worker lifespan in under heat stress. Laboratory bioassays revealed that melatonin supplementation (20 µg/mL) markedly improved worker survival at both 35 °C and 37 °C, with the most pronounced effect at 37 °C, where mortality was significantly reduced. Consistently, field trials demonstrated that melatonin supplemented colonies gained significantly more weight during summer heatwaves than colonies without melatonin supplementation. Mechanistically, melatonin orchestrates a biphasic adaptive response. In an early phase (day 4), melatonin rapidly upregulates heat shock proteins (, , ) and detoxification enzymes (), accompanied by reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and enhanced proboscis extension response (PER), indicative of preserved sensory function. This is followed by a later maintenance phase (day 11), characterized by sustained upregulation of fatty acyl-CoA reductases (, , ) and peroxisomal components (), which promote lipid remodeling and membrane stabilization. RNA-seq analysis identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) significantly enriched in pathways related to redox homeostasis, lipid metabolism, detoxification (, , ), and longevity. These molecular responses were associated with enhanced antioxidant capacity, reduced oxidative damage, and sustained foraging activity under thermal stress. Collectively, these results indicate that melatonin serves as a potent nutritional intervention that reprograms redox metabolic networks to mitigate heat-induced damage, extend worker longevity, and enhance colony productivity under climate warming. These findings highlight melatonin's potential as a practical tool to reduce summer colony losses in apiculture. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/01
Wang KeZhou LianjunXiang XianfuWei MiaomiaoLu ChenglianLi WenfengHan RichouZhang Yi - Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data exhibit complex spatial and temporal dependencies, yet most statistical approaches rely on static or temporally independent models, limiting sensitivity to dynamic neural activity. This limitation is particularly critical in task-based studies, where neural responses evolve over time and across distributed brain networks. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/21
Acquah Theophilus B KShafie Khalil - Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, yet current surveillance with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and ultrasound (US) lacks sufficient accuracy, particularly for early-stage disease. This study aimed to develop and clinically validate a blood-based digital PCR (dPCR) assay targeting novel methylation biomarkers for HCC detection. Genome-wide methylation profiles from HCC, normal, and other cancer types were analysed to identify candidates, which were then screened and verified in cancer cell lines, primary tumour tissues, and plasma specimens. A total of 186 plasma samples were evaluated, including 66 healthy controls, 60 patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) without HCC, and 60 patients with HCC. methylation emerged as an HCC-specific biomarker, showing significantly higher levels in liver cancer cell lines and HCC tumour tissues compared with controls. A dPCR assay targeting achieved 70.0% sensitivity (42/60; 95% CI, 56.8%-81.2%) and 96.8% specificity (122/126; 95% CI, 92.1-99.1%), with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85-0.96). Combining with AFP improved sensitivity to 88.3% (53/60; 95% CI, 77.4%-95.2%) while maintaining 96.8% specificity. Notably, early-stage HCC (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer [BCLC] stage 0-A) was detected with 85.4% sensitivity (35/41; 95% CI, 77.4%-94.4%). This blood-based dPCR assay demonstrated high diagnostic performance, underscoring its potential as a noninvasive tool to enhance early detection and clinical management of HCC in high-risk populations. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/20
Park Sun JaeLee Yun YoungChung Yong-KyuJung Bo-HyunAn JoonHan JinilMoon YounghoWang Hee-Jung - Fatty acid and retinol binding proteins (FARs) are nematode-specific proteins that orchestrate lipid metabolism, development, and host immune response. Here, the antagonists of FAR-1 (FAR-1) were identified through integrating virtual screening, fluorescent ligand binding assay, and egg hatching assays. An mouse model was employed to evaluate anthelmintic efficacy against intestine-parasitized and brain-parasitized . Forty-eight candidates were selected by virtual screening, six of them showed more than 40% antagonism to FAR-1 by fluorescent ligand-competition binding assay and suppressed egg hatching by 40%-80% at 20 μM. In mice, E002-0872 and 4340-0245 reduced intestinal burdens by 61.74% and 62.15%, respectively, and ameliorated intestinal damages. 4340-0245 reduced cerebral burdens by 52.73% and alleviated meningeal bleeding and neurological signs. Moreover, treatment with 4340-0245 at 15 mg/kg shortened the body length of female worms, consistent with the higher expression in females. Alanine scanning showed I95 of FAR-1 as a key residue for binding fatty acid, retinol, and 4340-0245. Intraperitoneal administration of 4340-0245 at 50 mg/kg did not cause any significant toxic effects, whereas 15 mg/kg resulted in a plasma of 56,473 ng/mL at 10 min and a half-life of ~7 h. These data provide evidence that FAR-1 is a promising target for developing anthelmintic drugs. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/15
Wen JuanQi WenminLv JinweiLin YuShen FeiLi YuZhang ZidingXiao LihuaFeng YaoyuYuan Dongjuan - Drought stress exacerbates non-stomatal water loss, which hinders agricultural growth and global food security. The cuticle, a layer of cutin, waxes, and other polymers, protects plants from the negative impact of drought. One crucial adaptation that has enabled terrestrial plants to survive and flourish in drought-prone regions is the development of cuticle structures. In this review, we (1) provide an overview of the molecular and enzymatic pathways involved in the biosynthesis of cutin and wax; (2) analyze important regulatory networks that control the formation of cuticles, such as abscisic acid (ABA) mediated signaling and transcription factors (SHN1/WIN1, MYB, NAC); (3) synthesis functional evidence of cuticle contributions to drought resilience across species; (4) evaluate how cuticle-related mutants and transgenic lines of genes such as ECERIFERUM1, Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase 1 and Lipid Transfer Protein GPI-Anchored 22 (e.g., CER1, FAR1, LTPG22) change the composition of lipids and impact drought phenotypes; and (5) present lipidomic as a targeted phenotyping method to measure changes in very-long-chain alkanes, primary alcohols, and cutin monomers under water deficit. In Arabidopsis, camelina, cotton, rice, wheat, and turfgrass, we employ gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) for accurate detection and quantification of fatty acid content, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of lipid components to identify lipid-remodeling patterns that are consistent across all of these plants and are associated with drought tolerance and barrier integrity. Finally, we discuss how to create "drought-smart" crops by quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, marker-assisted selection, CRISPR-Cas9 editing of KCS (3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase) and ERF (ethylene-responsive factor) genes, and overexpression approaches. This establishes the foundation for integrating cuticle biology with novel omics methods. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/03/28
Khan Amir AbdullahIqbal BabarAkbar RasheedDu DaolinWang Yong-Feng