IL21 Antibody
- Known as:
- IL21 Antibody
- Catalog number:
- XW-8154
- Product Quantity:
- 0.05 mg
- Category:
- -
- Supplier:
- Prosci
- Gene target:
- IL21 Antibody
Related genes to: IL21 Antibody
- Gene:
- IL21 NIH gene
- Name:
- interleukin 21
- Previous symbol:
- -
- Synonyms:
- Za11, IL-21
- Chromosome:
- 4q27
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 2000-03-29
- Date modifiied:
- 2019-04-23
Related products to: IL21 Antibody
Related articles to: IL21 Antibody
- Biological predictors of variable vaccine responses are lacking. We hypothesized that variability in prevaccine innate immune responses, specifically for type I interferons (IFN-I), is predictive of postvaccine antigen-specific responses. To test this, we assessed prevaccine immune responses at protein and transcriptomic levels following whole blood stimulation with Toll-like receptor (TLR) viral agonists in healthy adolescents and adults. Four weeks after the second vaccine dose, with either the BNT162b2 mRNA or CoronaVac inactivated virus vaccine, we assessed antigen-specific T cell cytokine responses and plasma antibody levels. BNT162b2 vaccinees had increased production of the antigen-specific T cell cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-γ, and IL-21 after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike stimulation, as well as increased antibody levels and serum pseudo-neutralization compared with CoronaVac recipients. In direct support of our hypothesis, we find that prevaccine poly(I:C) (polyinosine-polycytidylic acid; TLR3 viral agonist) IFN-I responses were significantly associated with the postvaccine T cell cytokine responses. In an independent cohort of 990 healthy donors, we confirmed the significant association between poly(I:C)-induced IFN-α and spike-induced cytokines in mRNA vaccine recipients. We further confirmed this specific association in a cohort of healthy Europeans and identified a common genetic polymorphism in TLR3 that affects IFN-I induction and subsequent vaccine-specific T cell responses. This study shows that preexisting innate immune variability can predict the effectiveness of vaccine responses and identifies pathways relevant to mRNA vaccination. Targeting the specific innate immune pathway relevant for a vaccine may provide a new approach for tailoring vaccines to different populations. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/15
Ng Wilson WSugrue JamieRosa Duque Jaime SRouilly VincentBondet VincentAlbert ChloeDubois FlorianRobert MarieLeung DanielChung PeterLuk Theodora H YLi Ashley B SHung Rex LVillain EtienneBriard MelanieYip GarrickConsortium Milieu IntérieurLarocque DanielPatin EtienneQuintana-Murci LluisLeung Gabriel MNi Michael YGoncalves PedroSchwartz OlivierDi Santo JamesBruzzone RobertoPeiris MalikLau Yu LungDuffy Darragh - Adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is effective in melanoma and selected solid tumors, but its potential in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains largely unexplored. We report a 39-year-old male with metastatic PDAC involving lung, peritoneal, liver, and lymph node who received three sequential infusions of TIL expanded ex vivo with IL-2/IL-15/IL-21 from a lung metastasis. Each infusion followed low-dose lymphodepletion and IL-2 support. The patient achieved stable disease after the first infusion and a partial response after the second along with reductions in serum CA19-9. Genome sequencing revealed substantial inter-tumoral heterogeneity, with mutations in ITGB2, C1QTNF3, CDK9, TMEM200C, FHOD1 and ZZZ3 impacting TIL infiltration and clinical response. RNA-seq showed that responding lesions were enriched for inflammatory and tumor-specific programs, displayed enrichment of T-cell activation transcripts and had reduced infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts. TCR sequencing confirmed the robust infiltration of TIL-derived CD8+ clonotypes, while functional assays demonstrated a polyclonal recognition of patient-derived somatic mutations and cytotoxicity against autologous tumor lines. Single-cell TCR mapping further validated the dominance of tumor-specific CD8+ clonotypes in responding lesions. This case demonstrates the feasibility and immunological activity of TIL therapy in PDAC, while underscoring the impact of spatial tumor heterogeneity on therapeutic outcomes. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/03/04
Arruda Lucas C MKarbach JuliaKiselicki DraganSinelnikov EvgueniGustavus DirkHoffmeister HansAtmaca AkinJäger Elke - Early detection of gastric cancer (GC) remains challenging, and conventional serum tumor markers show limited sensitivity for precancerous gastric lesions. Inflammatory cytokines change during tumorigenesis and may provide complementary information for noninvasive screening. We evaluated whether serum cytokine profiling combined with routine tumor markers could improve discrimination across the spectrum from healthy mucosa to precancerous lesions and early GC. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/04/28
Zhang QiuyanZhai JingChen PuHan TiantianDeng XuetingMiao LinZhang Xiuhua - The development of effective cellular immunotherapies for solid tumors requires the presence of robust infiltration, persistence, proliferation, and antigen-specific cytotoxicity. Here, we engineered induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cytotoxic T cells transduced with a chimeric antigen receptor (iCAR-T cells) and identified an optimal cytokine armoring strategy. Co-expression of interleukin-15 (IL-15) and IL-21 synergistically enhanced STAT1 phosphorylation, leading to increased transcriptional activation of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 and thereby improving tumor homing capacity. Furthermore, the engineered iCAR-T cells maintained a CD45RACD45ROCCR7CD62L memory T cell-like phenotype in tumors, contributing to the prolonged survival of the animal model. These findings demonstrate that cytokine synergy can be engineered into iPSC-derived T cells to overcome significant barriers in solid tumor immunotherapy, offering a scalable approach to developing next-generation off-the-shelf CAR-T therapies. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/12
Ishikawa AkihiroWaseda MasazumiIshii TomokoKawai YoheiKaneko Shin - Although CD4 T cells are known to play a crucial helper role in mammalian humoral immunity, the function of early-evolved CD4-1 T cells in teleost fish for assisting B cell-mediated antibody production remain to be elucidated. Using grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) as a model, this study demonstrated that CD4-1 T cells play a critical role in vaccine-induced antibody production and antibacterial immunity. We confirmed that inactivated Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine significantly induced interleukin-21 (IL-21) expression in grass carp head kidney leukocytes (HKLs), and identified CD4-1 T cells as the primary cellular source of IL-21. In vitro experiments showed that IL-21 effectively promoted B cell differentiation into plasma cells and enhanced IgM secretion, which synergized with A. hydrophila to exert a more pronounced effect. Meanwhile, our in vivo studies demonstrated that IL-21 possess molecular adjuvant function when co-immunized with A. hydrophila. Depletion of CD4-1 T cells reduced A. hydrophila-elicited specific IgM levels and antibacterial immune protection, confirming their essential helper function. Injection of IL-21 into CD4-1 T cell depletion fish can partially improve the survival rate but could not restore antibody levels, indicating that while IL-21 has direct immunoenhancing effects, CD4-1 T cells are essential for a full antibody response. In conclusion, these results demonstrated the critical roles of CD4-1 T cells and their secreted IL-21 in vaccine-induced humoral immunity in grass carp, providing a foundation for identifying Tfh-like cells in teleost fish and supporting the potential application of IL-21 as molecular adjuvant in fish vaccines. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/12
Zhang NanLiu XunZhu RuiDong Wen-JingHuang Yan-HuiZhang Yong-AnZhang Xu-Jie