Mouse TNF_alpha ELISPOT antibody pair
- Known as:
- Mouse TNF_alpha ELISPOT (anti-) pair
- Catalog number:
- CT661-20
- Product Quantity:
- 20-plate
- Category:
- -
- Supplier:
- U-CyTech
- Gene target:
- Mouse TNF_alpha ELISPOT antibody pair
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- Reduced brain oxygenation rapidly amplifies oxidative and inflammatory injury, creating a self-perpetuating cascade that can end in neuronal loss. Orientin can activate Nrf2/ARE-dependent antioxidant responses and suppress NF-κB-mediated inflammation, but poor solubility and limited bioavailability weaken its therapeutic impact. Here, we used chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) to improve Orientin delivery and evaluated the protective effects of CNPs/Orientin on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in hypoxia-induced brain injury. Forty-eight male Wistar albino rats were split into eight groups: (Control, Orientin, CNPs, CNPs/Orientin, Hypoxia, Hypoxia+Orientin, Hypoxia+CNPs, Hypoxia+CNPs/Orientin). The hypoxia model was applied with an 8% O₂+92% N₂ gas mixture for 8 h per day for 7 days. Orientin (40 mg/kg/day, i.p.) was administered simultaneously with the hypoxia period. MDA, SOD, GSH, BDNF, HIF-1α, iNOS, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels were determined by ELISA; gene expressions of Caspase-3, Bcl-2, HO-1, NRF2, NF-κB, and TNF-α were quantified by RT-PCR. Histological evaluations were performed in the cortex and hippocampus regions. CNPs/Orientin had a mean diameter of ~245 nm, a positive zeta potential (+29 mV), 81.3% encapsulation efficiency, and sustained release (79.6% over 72 h). Hypoxia significantly decreased SOD, GSH, and BDNF, while increasing MDA, HIF-1α, iNOS, and Caspase-3 levels (p < 0.05). All treatment groups attenuated the hypoxia-induced increase in IL-1β and TNF-α; however, cytokine levels did not differ significantly among the treatment arms. In the Hypoxia+CNPs/Orientin group, oxidative/nitrosative markers and neuronal histopathological findings were improved compared with hypoxia. Orientin delivered via chitosan nanoparticles demonstrated a significant neuroprotective effect, reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis while preserving neuronal structural integrity in hypoxia-induced brain injury. These results suggest that the nano-carrier form of Orientin may be a potential therapeutic agent in neurodegenerative processes. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/07/29
Topaloğlu İhsanAtasoy ÇağrıÖzduygu GülfemErdoğdu ErenBatıhan GüntuğGelen VolkanYeşildağ AliKara AdemErbaş Elif - Climate-induced heat stress poses a major challenge to small ruminant productivity in arid and semi-arid regions, affecting growth, metabolism, and immune function. This study examined tissue-specific molecular responses to chronic heat stress in lambs by evaluating the expression of key genes associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, proteostasis, and muscle function in the liver and skeletal muscle. Twenty-four lambs were reared at two climatically contrasting field sites (thermoneutral vs. high-THI) for 42 days. In the liver, exposure to the heat-stressed environment was associated with decreased SOD1 expression alongside increased FOXO3 and pro-inflammatory IL-6, while TNF-α and PPARγ were significantly lower. In muscle, a different profile emerged: heat shock proteins (HSP70, HSP90) and the apoptotic marker CASP3 were strongly upregulated, MYOD was suppressed, and ACTB3 remained stable. These results suggest candidate tissue-specific transcriptional signatures associated with impaired muscle regeneration and enhanced proteotoxic stress, although the field-based design confounds thermal load with other site-specific factors and does not permit causal attribution. Composite gene expression ratios-such as SOD1/IL-6 and FOXO3/TNF-α-were elevated under heat stress and negatively correlated with rectal temperature, indicating a potential role as candidate molecular indices associated with thermal response. Principal component analysis further distinguished control and heat-stressed animals based on transcriptional profiles. These findings highlight the coordinated yet divergent molecular strategies employed by liver and muscle tissues under prolonged thermal stress. The study provides preliminary, hypothesis-generating insight into gene-level responses associated with contrasting thermal environments and identifies candidate molecular targets warranting further validation in controlled designs before application to selection or intervention strategies. - Source: PubMed
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Publication date: 2026/07/28
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Publication date: 2026/07/28
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