Ask about this productRelated genes to: BTN1A1 antibody
- Gene:
- BTN1A1 NIH gene
- Name:
- butyrophilin subfamily 1 member A1
- Previous symbol:
- BTN
- Synonyms:
- BT, BTN1
- Chromosome:
- 6p22.2
- Locus Type:
- gene with protein product
- Date approved:
- 1995-07-11
- Date modifiied:
- 2016-10-05
Related products to: BTN1A1 antibody
Related articles to: BTN1A1 antibody
- Butyrophilin subfamily 1 member A1 (BTN1A1) is a major protein of the milk fat globule membrane, but its immunoregulatory function remains largely unresolved, despite its structural similarity to the B7 co-stimulatory molecules. In this study, we investigated the immunological significance of BTN1A1 in gastrointestinal epithelial cells. The human ectodomain of BTN1A1 expressed as a soluble Fc fusion protein (ectoBTN-Fc) was added to HT29-MTX-E12 cells as a model for gastrointestinal epithelial cells. In the absence of TNF-α, it significantly promoted MUC5AC production via a weak activation of NF-κB signal transduction pathway. In contrast, prior incubation with ectoBTN-Fc inhibited TNF-α-provoked-IL-8 secretion by suppressing the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. Binding analyses demonstrated that ectoBTN-Fc likely binds to HT29-MTX-E12 cells, followed by its endocytosis. These results suggest a dual-faceted regulatory function of BTN1A1. It reinforces intestinal mucosal barrier function under basal conditions, while it may endow a prophylactic effect alleviating strong inflammatory stimulation. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/23
Ishida MinoriKuwana YukiTsujimoto MizukiNamgung HyejinFurue AyamiTani Fumito - Mouse mammary epithelial cells possess a remarkable ability to regenerate the entire mammary gland through precisely regulated differentiation, involving complex molecular, morphological, and functional changes. Here, we performed comprehensive transcriptomic profiling of HC11 mouse mammary epithelial cells undergoing lactogenic differentiation using RNA sequencing and integrative bioinformatics. We identified 566 differentially expressed genes, reflecting extensive transcriptional reprogramming and activation of biosynthetic, metabolic, and secretory programs. Strong up-regulation of terminal and lactogenic differentiation markers, including Wap, Csn2, Lpl, Cd36, Lalba, Btn1a1, Xdh, Gata3, and Cebpb, signified maturation into a secretory phenotype. Functional evaluation via gene set enrichment analysis revealed transcriptional enrichment of mTOR, prolactin, insulin, ErbB, and autophagy-associated pathways, consistent with anabolic readiness and terminal differentiation. Conversely, p53, Wnt, and FoxO pathways were down-regulated, marking a transition from proliferation to differentiation. Transcription factors (FoxO1, Zbtb16, and Srebf1) and epigenetic regulators (Gadd45a and Hist1h1e) exhibited dynamic changes, underscoring coordinated transcriptional and chromatin remodeling. Gene set enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses identified 10 hub genes, Agt, Ccnd1, Igf1, Mki67, Myc, Calm4, Rasgrp1, Cd69, Il6, and Pecam1, as central drivers of differentiation. Clustering of uniquely regulated genes further implicated roles in milk synthesis, protease activity, and lineage stabilization. Together, these findings define a transcriptional framework for lactogenic differentiation in the HC11 cell line model and provide a basis for future mechanistic studies. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/05/04
Ahmad WaqarPanicker Neena GopinathanRizvi Tahir AMustafa Farah - Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) show substantial clinical and genetic overlap with anxiety, yet it remains unclear whether TMD risk reflects shared anxiety-related liability or distinct anxiety-independent genetic mechanisms. Disentangling these components is essential for understanding TMD heterogeneity beyond symptom-based classifications. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2026/03/09
Cao YuYang XinSvensson PeterChung Wen Raymond WongHan Sng Timothy JieIslam IntekhabHan WeiFeng XingmeiHou BozhiLi YuehuaZheng Lei - Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins, naturally present in mammary secretions, possess unique structural and functional properties that make them promising ingredients for infant formula. Therefore, this study systematically reviews MFGM protein isolation/extraction methodologies, characterization techniques, functional properties, and food applications. Key findings indicate that combining nanofiltration and HPLC with conventional techniques (e.g., centrifugation, drying) enhances MFGM protein recovery. However, the mechanistic impacts of pH and temperature on extraction efficiency, as well as the synergistic effects of combined techniques, require further investigation. MFGM proteins (e.g., BTN, BTN1A1, MUC1, XOR) exhibit significant effects on immune function, metabolic regulation, neuroprotection, nutritional improvement, and antioxidant activity. Future research should address the low efficiency of MFGM protein extraction/separation and the challenge of balancing cost and precision in characterization methods. This article provides specific guidelines for the development and application of MFGM proteins. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/08/31
Xie MengtingYuan WenyingTian ZhuhuiTan LiangZhou HuiYang QiaoZhou LeiShan WuLuo JieFan Xiankang - There are no effective drugs for the treatment of low back pain (LBP), intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD), or sciatica. We aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets through druggable genome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. - Source: PubMed
Publication date: 2025/11/04
Sun AochuanLi ZhuangzhuangDu YikeLiu HaoZhan QiuzhongLiu Zhengtang